Results for 'Jacob Schmutz'

981 found
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  1.  5
    Qui a inventé les mondes possibles?Jacob Schmutz - 2005 - Cahiers de Philosophie de L’Université de Caen 42:9-45.
    Le mot et la chose Rien ne semble plus naturel à l’intelligence du philosophe d’aujourd’hui que l’idée d’autres mondes possibles. Mais derrière l’évidence de la notion se bousculent plusieurs concepts de « monde possible », qui nous paraissent à première vue liés mais dont on verra qu’on doit en réalité les distinguer soigneusement les uns des autres : par « mondes possibles », nous pouvons en effet songer à des mondes pure...
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  2.  38
    L'héritage des subtils cartographie du scotisme de l''ge classique.Jacob Schmutz - 2002 - Les Etudes Philosophiques 1 (1):51.
    Cette étude offre un panorama du scotisme des XVIe et XVIIe siècles et tente d’apprécier son influence sur la culture philosophique de l’âge classique. On analyse successivement son développement interne, au sein de la scolastique franciscaine, et son influence externe, à travers les emprunts d’arguments scotistes dans la tradition jésuite et leur présence récurrente dans les nouveaux systèmes philosophiques modernes. On s’est également efforcé de donner un maximum de références bibliographiques pour faciliter d’autres recherches.This study offers an general overview of (...)
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  3.  19
    Étude critique.Jacob Schmutz - 2008 - Les Etudes Philosophiques 85 (2):253.
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  4.  4
    Réalistes, nihilistes et incompatibilistes.Jacob Schmutz - 2006 - Cahiers de Philosophie de L’Université de Caen 43:131-178.
    Ce colloque consacré au néant ressuscite un exercice académique courant dans les collèges jésuites espagnols des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles : la disputatio de carentiis. La question en jeu était de savoir s’il convenait d’admettre ou non un certain type d’entité négative, qualifiée généralement de carentia (absence, carence, manque), afin de rendre vrai un jugement négatif : ainsi, au même titre que la proposition Caen existe est vraie en vertu de...
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  5. La Doctrine mediévale des causes et la théologie de la nature pure (XIIIe-XVIIe siècles).Jacob Schmutz - 2001 - Revue Thomiste 101 (1-2):217-264.
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  6.  28
    Du péché de l'ange à la liberté d'indifférence.Jacob Schmutz - 2002 - Les Etudes Philosophiques 2 (2):169-198.
    Cette étude entend mettre au jour l’influence de l’angélologie scotiste sur le développement des doctrines modernes de la liberté d’indifférence humaine dans la tradition jésuite et franciscaine. Cette archéologie médiévale permet de démonstrer l’articulation complexe qui existe entre logique et éthique dans la scolastique, à la faveur d’une réflexion sur les rapports entre les actes de la volonté et les instants temporels, l’applicabilité des distinctions logiques entre sens divisé et sens composé à l’action ou encore le rapport entre causalité contingente (...)
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  7. Bellum scholasticum: Thomisme et antithomisme dans Les débats doctrinaux modernes.Jacob Schmutz - 2008 - Revue Thomiste 108 (1):131-182.
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  8.  12
    Eric Voegelin.Jacob Schmutz - 2009 - Cités 37 (1):159.
  9.  21
    Eric Voegelin (1901-1985).Jacob Schmutz - 2009 - Cités 37 (1):159-165.
    L’histoire est rarement juste envers ses historiens. À la sortie du XXe siècle, on découvre enfin en France, quoique timidement, l’un de ses chroniqueurs philosophiques les plus pénétrants, à travers la récente traduction de plusieurs de ses œuvres fondamentales1. Auteur d’une œuvre immense, qui l’a mené d’une très sèche formation juridique aux frontières d’une théologie..
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  10.  12
    Kontingenz und Wissen. Die Lehre von den_ futura contingentia _bei Johannes Duns Scotus by Joachim Roland Söder.Jacob Schmutz - 2000 - Franciscan Studies 58 (1):330-332.
  11.  78
    Épistémologie de la fiction : Thomas Hobbes et Hans Vaihinger.Jacob Schmutz - 2006 - Les Etudes Philosophiques 79 (4):517.
    Cet article s’interroge sur le statut épistémologique des fictions employées en théorie politique, dont l’état de nature constitue l’un des cas exemplaires. Contre les critiques relativistes et celles d’inspiration marxiste , on montre que l’utilisation des fictions obéit à des règles précises du point de vue de leur finalité et de leur justification, ce qui interdit de considérer toutes les fictions comme équivalentes. Cette problématique est illustrée à partir de la théorie des fictions développée par le philosophe néokantien Hans Vaihinger (...)
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  12.  32
    Les innovations conceptuelles de la métaphysique espagnole post-suarézienne: les status rerum selon Antonio Pérez et Sebastián Izquierdo.Jacob Schmutz - 2009 - Quaestio 9:61-99.
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  13. Les paradoxes metaphysiques d'Henri de Gand durant la Seconde Scolastique.Jacob Schmutz - 1998 - Medioevo 24:89-149.
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  14.  41
    Bartolomeo Barbieri da Castelvetro. Un cappuccino alla scuola di San Bonaventura nell'Emilia del '600 by Andrea Maggioli and Pietro Maranesi (review).Jacob Schmutz - 2000 - Franciscan Studies 58 (1):327-329.
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  15. Bulletin de scolastique moderne (I).Jacob Schmutz - 2000 - Revue Thomiste 100 (2):270-341.
     
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  16.  12
    Escaping the aristotelian bond: the critique of metaphysics in twentieth-century French philosophy.Jacob Schmutz - 1999 - Dionysius 17:169-200.
  17.  36
    Gelber, Hester G.: It could have been otherwise. Contingency and necessity in Dominican theology at oxford, 1300–1350.Jacob Schmutz - 2008 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 90 (1):131-133.
  18.  7
    John Austin SJ (1717–84), The First Irish Catholic Cartesian?Jacob Schmutz - 2020 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 88:239-271.
    Early-Modern Irish Catholics exiled on the European continent are known to have often held prominent academic positions in various important colleges and universities. This paper investigates the hitherto unknown Scholastic legacy of the Dublin-born Jesuit John Austin (1717–84), a famous Irish educator who started his career teaching philosophy at the Jesuit college of Rheims in 1746–47, before returning to the country of his birth as part of the Irish Mission. These manuscript lecture notes provides us first-hand knowledge about the content (...)
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  19.  90
    La naissance de la métaphysique de l’esprit.Jacob Schmutz - 2006 - Quaestio 6 (1):522-524.
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  20.  15
    La Philosophie de l'ordre d'Eric Voegelin.Jacob Schmutz - 1995 - Revue Philosophique De Louvain 93 (3):255-284.
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  21. Les paradoxes d‟Henri de Gand durant la second scolastique.Jacob Schmutz - 1998 - Medioevo 24:89-150.
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  22.  20
    Le petit scotisme du Grand Siècle. Étude doctrinale et documentaire sur la philosophie au Grand Couvent des Cordeliers de Paris, 1517-1771.Jacob Schmutz - 2008 - Quaestio 8:365-472.
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  23.  27
    Introduction.Petr Dvořák & Jacob Schmutz - 2019 - American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 93 (2):187-189.
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  24.  84
    Juan Caramuel Lobkowitz: The Last Scholastic Polymath.Petr Dvořák & Jacob Schmutz - 2008 - Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
  25. Juan Caramuel Lobkowitz: The Last Scholastic Polymath.Petr DvoŘÁk & Jacob Schmutz - 2010 - Filosoficky Casopis 58:453-459.
     
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  26.  13
    Le contemplateur et les idées: modèles de la science divine du néoplatonisme au XVIIIe siècle.Olivier Boulnois, Jacob Schmutz & Jean-Luc Solère (eds.) - 2002 - Paris, France: Vrin.
    Recueil de contributions sur la connaissance du monde par Dieu et sur le statut des vérités objectives de la science montrant la diversité des approches proposées par des philosophes tels que Thomas d'Aquin, Duns Scot, Guillaume d'Ockham, François de Meyronnes, Nicolas Malebranche, Pierre Bayle...
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  27.  14
    Le Contemplateur et les Idées. Modèles de la science divine, du néoplatonisme au XVIIIe siècle.Olivier Boulnois, Jacob Schmutz & Jean-Luc Solère (eds.) - 2002 - Paris, France: Vrin.
    Recueil de contributions sur la connaissance du monde par Dieu et sur le statut des vérités objectives de la science montrant la diversité des approches proposées par des philosophes tels que Thomas d'Aquin, Duns Scot, Guillaume d'Ockham, François de Meyronnes, Nicolas Malebranche, Pierre Bayle...
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  28.  15
    Introduzione.Pasquale Porro & Jacob Schmutz - 2008 - Quaestio 8:ix-xix.
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  29.  24
    La causalité et son histoire. Une bibliographie.Pasquale Porro & Jacob Schmutz - 2002 - Quaestio 2 (1):669-698.
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  30. L'idéalisme objectif.Vittorio Hösle, Stéphanie Costa, Bernd Goebel & Jacob Schmutz - 2002 - Revue Philosophique de la France Et de l'Etranger 192 (1):94-94.
     
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  31.  3
    Eric Voegelin, Les religions politiques. Traduit de l'allemand par Jacob Schmutz.Paul Monville - 1995 - Revue Philosophique De Louvain 93 (4):658-658.
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  32. Measuring effectiveness.Jacob Stegenga - 2015 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 54:62-71.
    Measuring the effectiveness of medical interventions faces three epistemological challenges: the choice of good measuring instruments, the use of appropriate analytic measures, and the use of a reliable method of extrapolating measures from an experimental context to a more general context. In practice each of these challenges contributes to overestimating the effectiveness of medical interventions. These challenges suggest the need for corrective normative principles. The instruments employed in clinical research should measure patient-relevant and disease-specific parameters, and should not be sensitive (...)
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  33. Robustness and Independent Evidence.Jacob Stegenga & Tarun Menon - 2017 - Philosophy of Science 84 (3):414-435.
    Robustness arguments hold that hypotheses are more likely to be true when they are confirmed by diverse kinds of evidence. Robustness arguments require the confirming evidence to be independent. We identify two kinds of independence appealed to in robustness arguments: ontic independence —when the multiple lines of evidence depend on different materials, assumptions, or theories—and probabilistic independence. Many assume that OI is sufficient for a robustness argument to be warranted. However, we argue that, as typically construed, OI is not a (...)
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  34. Down with the Hierarchies.Jacob Stegenga - 2014 - Topoi 33 (2):313-322.
    Evidence hierarchies are widely used to assess evidence in systematic reviews of medical studies. I give several arguments against the use of evidence hierarchies. The problems with evidence hierarchies are numerous, and include methodological shortcomings, philosophical problems, and formal constraints. I argue that medical science should not employ evidence hierarchies, including even the latest and most-sophisticated of such hierarchies.
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  35. The Difference-to-Inference Model for Values in Science.Jacob Stegenga & Tarun Menon - 2023 - Res Philosophica 100 (4):423-447.
    The value-free ideal for science holds that values should not influence the core features of scientific reasoning. We defend the difference-to-inference model of value-permeation, which holds that value-permeation in science is problematic when values make a difference to the inferences made about a hypothesis. This view of value-permeation is superior to existing views, and it suggests a corresponding maxim—namely, that scientists should strive to eliminate differences to inference. This maxim is the basis of a novel value-free ideal for science. -/- (...)
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  36. Theory Choice and Social Choice: Okasha versus Sen.Jacob Stegenga - 2015 - Mind 124 (493):263-277.
    A platitude that took hold with Kuhn is that there can be several equally good ways of balancing theoretical virtues for theory choice. Okasha recently modelled theory choice using technical apparatus from the domain of social choice: famously, Arrow showed that no method of social choice can jointly satisfy four desiderata, and each of the desiderata in social choice has an analogue in theory choice. Okasha suggested that one can avoid the Arrow analogue for theory choice by employing a strategy (...)
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  37. A commentary on Plato's Meno.Jacob Klein - 1965 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    The Meno, one of the most widely read of the Platonic dialogues, is seen afresh in this original interpretation that explores the dialogue as a theatrical presentation. Just as Socrates's listeners would have questioned and examined their own thinking in response to the presentation, so, Klein shows, should modern readers become involved in the drama of the dialogue. Klein offers a line-by-line commentary on the text of the Meno itself that animates the characters and conversation and carefully probes each significant (...)
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  38. Medicalization of Sexual Desire.Jacob Stegenga - 2021 - European Journal of Analytic Philosophy 17 (2):(SI5)5-34.
    Medicalisation is a social phenomenon in which conditions that were once under legal, religious, personal or other jurisdictions are brought into the domain of medical authority. Low sexual desire in females has been medicalised, pathologised as a disease, and intervened upon with a range of pharmaceuticals. There are two polarised positions on the medicalisation of low female sexual desire: I call these the mainstream view and the critical view. I assess the central arguments for both positions. Dividing the two positions (...)
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  39. Hollow Hunt for Harms.Jacob Stegenga - 2016 - Perspectives on Science 24 (5):481-504.
    Harms of medical interventions are systematically underestimated in clinical research. Numerous factors—conceptual, methodological, and social—contribute to this underestimation. I articulate the depth of such underestimation by describing these factors at the various stages of clinical research. Before any evidence is gathered, the ways harms are operationalized in clinical research contributes to their underestimation. Medical interventions are first tested in phase 1 ‘first in human’ trials, but evidence from these trials is rarely published, despite the fact that such trials provide the (...)
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  40. Reversibility or Disagreement.Jacob Ross & Mark Schroeder - 2013 - Mind 122 (485):43-84.
    The phenomenon of disagreement has recently been brought into focus by the debate between contextualists and relativist invariantists about epistemic expressions such as ‘might’, ‘probably’, indicative conditionals, and the deontic ‘ought’. Against the orthodox contextualist view, it has been argued that an invariantist account can better explain apparent disagreements across contexts by appeal to the incompatibility of the propositions expressed in those contexts. This paper introduces an important and underappreciated phenomenon associated with epistemic expressions — a phenomenon that we call (...)
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  41. A Higher Dimension of Consciousness: Constructing an empirically falsifiable panpsychist model of consciousness.Jacob Jolij - manuscript
    Panpsychism is a solution to the mind-body problem that presumes that consciousness is a fundamental aspect of reality instead of a product or consequence of physical processes (i.e., brain activity). Panpsychism is an elegant solution to the mind-body problem: it effectively rids itself of the explanatory gap materialist theories of consciousness suffer from. However, many theorists and experimentalists doubt panpsychism can ever be successful as a scientific theory, as it cannot be empirically verified or falsified. In this paper, I present (...)
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  42. Rejecting ethical deflationism.Jacob Ross - 2006 - Ethics 116 (4):742-768.
    One of the perennial challenges of ethical theory has been to provide an answer to a number of views that appear to undermine the importance of ethical questions. We may refer to such views collectively as “deflationary ethical theories.” These include theories, such as nihilism, according to which no action is better than any other, as well as relativistic theories according to which no ethical theory is better than any other. In this article I present a new response to such (...)
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  43. Ethical Veganism and Free Riding.Jacob Barrett & Sarah Raskoff - 2023 - Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy 24 (2):184-212.
    The animal agriculture industry causes animals a tremendous amount of pain and suffering. Many ethical vegans argue that we therefore have an obligation to abstain from animal products in order to reduce this suffering. But this argument faces a challenge: thanks to the size and structure of the animal agriculture industry, any individual’s dietary choices are overwhelmingly unlikely to make a difference. In this paper, we criticize common replies to this challenge and develop an alternative argument for ethical veganism. Specifically, (...)
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  44. Three Criteria for Consensus Conferences.Jacob Stegenga - 2016 - Foundations of Science 21 (1):35-49.
    Consensus conferences are social techniques which involve bringing together a group of scientific experts, and sometimes also non-experts, in order to increase the public role in science and related policy, to amalgamate diverse and often contradictory evidence for a hypothesis of interest, and to achieve scientific consensus or at least the appearance of consensus among scientists. For consensus conferences that set out to amalgamate evidence, I propose three desiderata: Inclusivity, Constraint, and Evidential Complexity. Two examples suggest that consensus conferences can (...)
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  45. Drug Regulation and the Inductive Risk Calculus.Jacob Stegenga - 2017 - In Kevin Christopher Elliott & Ted Richards (eds.), Exploring Inductive Risk: Case Studies of Values in Science. New York: Oup Usa. pp. 17-36.
    Drug regulation is fraught with inductive risk. Regulators must make a prediction about whether or not an experimental pharmaceutical will be effective and relatively safe when used by typical patients, and such predictions are based on a complex, indeterminate, and incomplete evidential basis. Such inductive risk has important practical consequences. If regulators reject an experimental drug when it in fact has a favourable benefit/harm profile, then a valuable intervention is denied to the public and a company’s material interests are needlessly (...)
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  46. Fast Science.Jacob Stegenga - forthcoming - The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
    If scientists violate principles and practices of routine science to quickly develop interventions against catastrophic threats, they are engaged in what I call fast science. The magnitude, imminence, and plausibility of a threat justify engaging in and acting on fast science. Yet, that justification is incomplete. I defend two principles to assess fast science, which say: fast science should satisfy as much as possible the reliability-enhancing features of routine science, and the fast science developing an intervention against a threat should (...)
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  47. Justifying Scientific Progress.Jacob Stegenga - forthcoming - Philosophy of Science.
    I defend a novel account of scientific progress centred around justification. Science progresses, on this account, where there is a change in justification. I consider three options for explicating this notion of change in justification. This account of scientific progress dispels with a condition for scientific progress that requires accumulation of truth or truthlikeness, and it emphasises the social nature of scientific justification.
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  48. Herding QATs: Quality Assessment Tools for Evidence in Medicine.Jacob Stegenga - 2015 - In Huneman, Silberstein & Lambert (eds.), Herding QATs: Quality Assessment Tools for Evidence in Medicine. pp. 193-211.
    Medical scientists employ ‘quality assessment tools’ (QATs) to measure the quality of evidence from clinical studies, especially randomized controlled trials (RCTs). These tools are designed to take into account various methodological details of clinical studies, including randomization, blinding, and other features of studies deemed relevant to minimizing bias and error. There are now dozens available. The various QATs on offer differ widely from each other, and second-order empirical studies show that QATs have low inter-rater reliability and low inter-tool reliability. This (...)
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  49.  60
    Desire and Impulse in Epictetus and the Older Stoics.Jacob Klein - 2021 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 103 (2):221-251.
    This article argues that Epictetus employs the terms orexis and hormê in the same manner as the older Stoics. It then shows, on the basis of this claim, that the older Stoics recognized a distinction between dispositional and occurrent forms of motivation. On this account of Stoic theory, intentional action is in each instance the product of two forms of cognition: a value ascription that attributes goodness or badness to some object, conceiving of its possession as beneficial or harmful to (...)
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  50. New Directions in Philosophy of Medicine.Jacob Stegenga, Ashley Kennedy, Serife Tekin, Saana Jukola & Robyn Bluhm - forthcoming - In James Marcum (ed.), Bloomsbury Companion to Contemporary Philosophy of Medicine. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 343-367.
    The purpose of this chapter is to describe what we see as several important new directions for philosophy of medicine. This recent work (i) takes existing discussions in important and promising new directions, (ii) identifies areas that have not received sufficient and deserved attention to date, and/or (iii) brings together philosophy of medicine with other areas of philosophy (including bioethics, philosophy of psychiatry, and social epistemology). To this end, the next part focuses on what we call the “epistemological turn” in (...)
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