Results for 'Peter H. Griyer'

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  1.  2
    A cognitive approach to facilitating group strategic decision taking: Analysis of practice and a theoretical interpretation.Peter H. Griyer - 1992 - Knowledge, Technology & Policy 5 (3):26-49.
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  2. Questioning the Quantitative Imperative: Decision Aids, Prevention, and the Ethics of Disclosure.Peter H. Schwartz - 2011 - Hastings Center Report 41 (2):30-39.
    Patients should not always receive hard data about the risks and benefits of a medical intervention. That information should always be available to patients who expressly ask for it, but it should be part of standard disclosure only sometimes, and only for some patients. And even then, we need to think about how to offer it.
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  3.  96
    The Ethics of Information: Absolute Risk Reduction and Patient Understanding of Screening.Peter H. Schwartz & Eric M. Meslin - 2008 - Journal of General Internal Medicine 23 (6):867-870.
    Some experts have argued that patients should routinely be told the specific magnitude and absolute probability of potential risks and benefits of screening tests. This position is motivated by the idea that framing risk information in ways that are less precise violates the ethical principle of respect for autonomy and its application in informed consent or shared decisionmaking. In this Perspective, we consider a number of problems with this view that have not been adequately addressed. The most important challenges stem (...)
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  4.  13
    Progress in Defining Disease: Improved Approaches and Increased Impact.Peter H. Schwartz - 2017 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 42 (4):485-502.
    In a series of recent papers, I have made three arguments about how to define “disease” and evaluate and apply possible definitions. First, I have argued that definitions should not be seen as traditional conceptual analyses, but instead as proposals about how to define and use the term “disease” in the future. Second, I have pointed out and attempted to address a challenge for dysfunction-requiring accounts of disease that I call the “line-drawing” problem: distinguishing between low-normal functioning and dysfunctioning. Finally, (...)
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  5.  3
    The Elementary Theory of Torsionfree Abelian Groups With a Predicate Specifying a Subgroup.Peter H. Schmitt - 1982 - Zeitschrift fur mathematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik 28 (22-24):323-329.
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  6.  14
    What is a Human?Peter H. Kahn, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Batya Friedman, Takayuki Kanda, Nathan G. Freier, Rachel L. Severson & Jessica Miller - 2007 - Interaction Studies. Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies / Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies 8 (3):363-390.
    In this paper, we move toward offering psychological benchmarks to measure success in building increasingly humanlike robots. By psychological benchmarks we mean categories of interaction that capture conceptually fundamental aspects of human life, specified abstractly enough to resist their identity as a mere psychological instrument, but capable of being translated into testable empirical propositions. Nine possible benchmarks are considered: autonomy, imitation, intrinsic moral value, moral accountability, privacy, reciprocity, conventionality, creativity, and authenticity of relation. Finally, we discuss how getting the right (...)
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  7.  8
    Selling Clinical Biospecimens: Guidance for Researchers and Private Industry.Peter H. Schwartz & Jane A. Hartsock - 2023 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 51 (2):429-436.
    The recently revised Common Rule requires that donors of biospecimens for research be informed if their specimens might be used for commercial profit. The Common Rule, however, does not apply to sharing or selling de-identified biospecimens that are “leftover” from clinical uses. As a result, many medical researchers remain uncertain of their legal and ethical obligations when a commercial entity expresses interest in these specimens.
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  8. Patient Understanding of Benefits, Risks, and Alternatives to Screening Colonoscopy.Peter H. Schwartz, Elizabeth Edenberg, Patrick R. Barrett, Susan M. Perkins, Eric M. Meslin & Thomas F. Imperiale - 2013 - Family Medicine 45 (2):83-89.
    While several tests and strategies are recommended for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, studies suggest that primary care providers often recommend colonoscopy without providing information about its risks or alternatives. These observations raise concerns about the quality of informed consent for screening colonoscopy.
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  9. That Ye May Believe.Peter H. Eldersveld - 1950
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  10.  8
    Rethinking Decision Quality: Measures, Meaning, and Bioethics.Peter H. Schwartz & Greg A. Sachs - 2022 - Hastings Center Report 52 (6):13-22.
    Studies of patient decision‐making use many different measures to evaluate the quality of decisions and the decision‐making process, partly to determine whether the ethical goals of informed consent, patient autonomy, and shared decision‐making have been achieved. We describe these measures, grouped under three main approaches, and review their limitations, leading to three conclusions. First, no measure or combination of measures can provide a complete assessment of decision quality. Second, the quality of a decision is best characterized vaguely, for instance as (...)
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  11.  90
    Autonomy and Consent in Biobanks.Peter H. Schwartz - 2010 - The Physiologist 53 (1):1, 3-7.
  12.  4
    Studies in Philosophy and in the History of Science Essays in Honor of Max Fisch.Peter H. Hare - 1970
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  13.  2
    In This Issue.Peter H. Wickersham - 2023 - The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly 23 (3):373-375.
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  14.  18
    Defining and Defending Personhood: Lessons from the Disease Debate.Peter H. Schwartz - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (1):41-43.
    Blumenthal-Barby (2024) presents strong arguments that bioethicists should stop using the concept “personhood.” She points out that “person,” meaning an entity with full moral rights, is defined in...
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  15.  14
    John Locke: An Essay Concerning Human Understanding.Peter H. Nidditch (ed.) - 1975 - Oxford University Press UK.
    This paperback edition reproduces the complete text of the Essay as prepared by professor Nidditch for The Clarendon Edition of the Works of John Locke. The Register of Formal Variants and the Glossary are omitted and Professor Nidditch has written a new foreword.
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  16.  3
    The Habsburg Empire: A New History by Pieter M. Judson.Peter H. Wilson - 2018 - Common Knowledge 24 (3):451-452.
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  17.  7
    Philosophy of Prediction and Capitalism, by Manfred S. Frings.Peter H. Spader - 1990 - Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology 21 (3):301-303.
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  18.  7
    Modeling Child–Nature Interaction in a Nature Preschool: A Proof of Concept.Peter H. Kahn, Thea Weiss & Kit Harrington - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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  19.  68
    Discounting a Surgical Risk: Data, Understanding, and Gist.Peter H. Schwartz - 2012 - American Medical Association Journal of Ethics 14 (7):532-538.
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  20.  6
    Peirce’s Concept of Sign.Peter H. Hare - 1974 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 35 (2):281-282.
  21. Humor and Enlightenment, Part II: The Theory Applied.Peter H. Karlen - 2016 - Contemporary Aesthetics 14.
    Part I of this article advanced a new theory of humor, the Enlightenment Theory, while contrasting it with other main theories, including the Incongruity, Repression/Relief/Release, and Superiority Theories. The Enlightenment Theory does not contradict these other theories but rather subsumes them. As argued, each of the other theories cannot account for all the aspects of humor explained by the Enlightenment Theory. Part II shows how the Enlightenment Theory meets challenging issues in humor theory where other theories falter, including failed humor, (...)
     
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  22. The Epistle of James: A Commentary on the Greek Text.Peter H. Davids - 1982
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  23. Bernhard Pankok's graphic iterations.Peter H. Fox - 2020 - In Robin Schuldenfrei (ed.), Iteration: episodes in the mediation of art and archtecture. New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
     
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  24. Reframing the Disease Debate and Defending the Biostatistical Theory.Peter H. Schwartz - 2014 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 39 (6):572-589.
    Similarly to other accounts of disease, Christopher Boorse’s Biostatistical Theory (BST) is generally presented and considered as conceptual analysis, that is, as making claims about the meaning of currently used concepts. But conceptual analysis has been convincingly critiqued as relying on problematic assumptions about the existence, meaning, and use of concepts. Because of these problems, accounts of disease and health should be evaluated not as claims about current meaning, I argue, but instead as proposals about how to define and use (...)
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  25.  2
    Incrementalism, Asymmetric Information, and Agendas for Science and Technology.Peter H. Aranson - 1988 - Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society 8 (5):481-482.
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  26.  5
    Calculation of Dark Matter as a Feature of Space–Time.Peter H. Handel & Klara E. Splett - 2023 - Foundations of Physics 53 (5):1-38.
    We derive the first analytical formula for the density of "Dark Matter" (DM) at all length scales, thus also for the rotation curves of stars in galaxies, for the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation and for planetary systems, from Einstein's equations (EE) and classical approximations, in agreement with observations. DM is defined in Part I as the energy of the coherent gravitational field of the universe, represented by the additional equivalent ordinary matter (OM), needed at all length scales, to explain classically, with (...)
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  27. Drafts for the Essay Concerning Human Understanding: Volume 1: Drafts a and B.Peter H. Nidditch & G. A. J. Rogers (eds.) - 1990 - Oxford: Oxford University Press UK.
    This is the first of three volumes which will contain all of Locke's extant philosophical writings relating to An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, not included in other Clarendon editions like the Correspondence. It contains the earliest known drafts of the Essay, Drafts A and B, both written in 1671, and provides for the first time an accurate version of Locke's text. Virtually all his changes are recorded in footnotes on each page. Peter Nidditch, whose highly acclaimed edition of An (...)
     
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  28.  8
    In moral relationship with nature: Development and interaction.Peter H. Kahn - 2022 - Journal of Moral Education 51 (1):73-91.
    ABSTRACT One of the overarching problems of the world today is that too many people see themselves as dominating other groups of people, and dominating nature. That is a root problem. And thus part of a core solution builds from Kohlberg’s commitment to a universal moral orientation, though extended to include not only all people but the more-than-human world: animals, trees, plants, species, ecosystems, and the land itself. In this article, I make a case for this form of ethical extensionism, (...)
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  29.  7
    Scheler's Phenomenological Given.Peter H. Spader - 1978 - Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology 9 (3):150-157.
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  30.  22
    Über Experimente an Automaten.Peter H. Starke - 1967 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 13 (3-5):67-80.
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  31.  2
    "Well Wide of the Mark": Response to Stone's Review of The ABC of Armageddon.Peter H. Denton - 2002 - Russell: The Journal of Bertrand Russell Studies 22 (1):79-81.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:iscussion “WELL WIDE OF THE MARK”: RESPONSE TO STONE’S REVIEW OF THE ABC OF ARMAGEDDON P H. D History, Philosophy and Religious Studies / U. of Winnipeg Winnipeg, , Canada   .@. hether or not it is wise to defend one’s first book against the slings and Warrows of outrageous fortune, Bertrand Russell was never one to let indignities pass without response, and I will take my example (...)
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  32.  3
    Truth, Knowledge and Causation.Peter H. Hare - 1969 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 30 (4):619-620.
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  33. The Desert Fathers: Saint Anthony and the Beginnings of Monasticism.Peter H. Görg - 2011
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  34.  4
    Philosophical Analysis and Human Welfare: Selected Essays and Chapters from Six Decades.Peter H. Hare - 1976 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 36 (3):433-434.
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  35.  1
    Studies in Philosophy and in the History of Science: Essays in Honor of Max Fisch.Peter H. Hare - 1971 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 32 (2):284-285.
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  36.  6
    11. The Development of William James's Epistemological Realism.Peter H. Hare & Chandana Chakrabarti - 1980 - In Maurice Wohlgelernter (ed.), History, Religion, and Spiritual Democracy Essays in Honor of Joseph L. Blau. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 231-246.
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  37. Small Tumors as Risk Factors not Disease.Peter H. Schwartz - 2014 - Philosophy of Science 81 (5):986-998.
    I argue that ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), the tumor most commonly diagnosed by breast mammography, cannot be confidently classified as cancer, that is, as pathological. This is because there may not be dysfunction present in DCIS—as I argue based on its high prevalence and the small amount of risk it conveys—and thus DCIS may not count as a disease by dysfunction-requiring approaches, such as Boorse’s biostatistical theory and Wakefield’s harmful dysfunction account. Patients should decide about treatment for DCIS based (...)
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  38. Defining dysfunction: Natural selection, design, and drawing a line.Peter H. Schwartz - 2007 - Philosophy of Science 74 (3):364-385.
    Accounts of the concepts of function and dysfunction have not adequately explained what factors determine the line between low‐normal function and dysfunction. I call the challenge of doing so the line‐drawing problem. Previous approaches emphasize facts involving the action of natural selection (Wakefield 1992a, 1999a, 1999b) or the statistical distribution of levels of functioning in the current population (Boorse 1977, 1997). I point out limitations of these two approaches and present a solution to the line‐drawing problem that builds on the (...)
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  39.  82
    Placebos, Full Disclosure, and Trust: The Risks and Benefits of Disclosing Risks and Benefits.Peter H. Schwartz - 2015 - American Journal of Bioethics 15 (10):13-14.
    Consider the following patient: a 40-year-old man who has had back pain that radiates down his left leg, on and off for 2 months. He performs his normal activities and does not have any “red flag”...
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  40.  24
    An Essay Concerning Human Understanding: Clarendon Edition of the Works of John Locke.Peter H. Nidditch (ed.) - 1975 - Oxford University Press UK.
    A scholarly edition of Essay Concerning Human Understanding by P. H. Nidditch. The edition presents an authoritative text, together with an introduction, commentary notes, and scholarly apparatus.
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  41. How Bioethics Principles Can Aid Design of Electronic Health Records to Accommodate Patient Granular Control.Eric M. Meslin & Peter H. Schwartz - 2014 - Journal of General Internal Medicine 30 (1):3-6.
    Ethics should guide the design of electronic health records (EHR), and recognized principles of bioethics can play an important role. This approach was adopted recently by a team of informaticists designing and testing a system where patients exert granular control over who views their personal health information. While this method of building ethics in from the start of the design process has significant benefits, questions remain about how useful the application of bioethics principles can be in this process, especially when (...)
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  42. The Whereabouts of God.Peter H. Pleune - unknown
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  43.  7
    Citizenship without Consent: Illegal Aliens in the American Polity.Peter H. Schuck & Rogers M. Smith - 1985 - Yale University Press.
  44.  12
    Robotic pets in the lives of preschool children.Peter H. Kahn, Batya Friedman, Deanne R. Pérez-Granados & Nathan G. Freier - 2006 - Interaction Studies. Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies / Social Behaviour and Communication in Biological and Artificial Systemsinteraction Studies 7 (3):405-436.
    This study examined preschool children’s reasoning about and behavioral interactions with one of the most advanced robotic pets currently on the retail market, Sony’s robotic dog AIBO. Eighty children, equally divided between two age groups, 34–50 months and 58–74 months, participated in individual sessions with two artifacts: AIBO and a stuffed dog. Evaluation and justification results showed similarities in children’s reasoning across artifacts. In contrast, children engaged more often in apprehensive behavior and attempts at reciprocity with AIBO, and more often (...)
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  45.  8
    War or Peace? How the Subjective Perception of Great Power Interdependence Shapes Preemptive Defensive Aggression.Yiming Jing, Peter H. Gries, Yang Li, Adam W. Stivers, Nobuhiro Mifune, D. M. Kuhlman & Liying Bai - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  46. Decision and Discovery in Defining “Disease”.Peter H. Schwartz - 2007 - In Harold Kincaid & Jennifer McKitrick (eds.), Establishing medical reality: Methodological and metaphysical issues in philosophy of medicine. Springer Publishing Company. pp. 47-63.
  47.  1
    Nature's web: rethinking our place on earth.Peter H. Marshall - 1993 - Armonk, N.Y. ;: M.E. Sharpe.
    Providing an overview of the intellectual roots of the worldwide environmental movement - from ancient religions and philosophies to modern science and ethics - this book synthesises them into a new philosophy of nature in which to ground ...
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  48.  13
    What is a human? Toward psychological benchmarks in the field of humanrobot interaction.Peter H. Kahn, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Batya Friedman, Takayuki Kanda, Nathan G. Freier, Rachel L. Severson & Jessica Miller - 2007 - Interaction Studies 8 (3):363-390.
  49. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding.Peter H. Nidditch (ed.) - 1979 - Oxford University Press UK.
    This paperback edition reproduces the complete text of the Essay as prepared by professor Nidditch for The Clarendon Edition of the Works of John Locke. The Register of Formal Variants and the Glossary are omitted and Professor Nidditch has written a new foreword.
     
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  50.  8
    Do IQ tests really measure intelligence?Peter H. Schönemann - 1983 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 6 (2):311-313.
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