Results for 'Robert M. A. Crawford'

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  1.  27
    Book Review Section 1. [REVIEW]Linda Crawford, Stafford Kay, Jorge Jeria, Kenneth C. Schmidt, Edmund C. Short, Donald A. Dellow, Lewis E. Cloud, M. M. Chambers, George L. Dowd, L. David Weller Jr, J. J. Chambliss, Paul Nash, Robert V. Bullough Jr, Michael V. Belok & George D. Dalin - 1980 - Educational Studies 11 (1):67-91.
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  2. Population, existence and incommensurability.M. A. Roberts - forthcoming - Philosophical Studies:1-25.
    Jan Narveson has articulated a deeply held, widely shared intuition regarding what moral law has to say about bringing additional people into existence: while we are “in favour of making people happy,” we are “neutral about making happy people.” Various formulations of the Narvesonian intuition (closely related to the _person-affecting intuition_ or _restriction_) have been widely criticized. This present paper outlines an off-the-beaten-path alternate construction of the intuition—the _existence condition_—and argues that that particular construction has the resources to avoid some (...)
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  3.  43
    Latin Lexicography Glinister (F.), Woods (C.) (edd.) with North (J.A.), Crawford (M.H.) Verrius, Festus, & Paul. Lexicography, Scholarship, and Society. (BICS Supplement 93.) Pp. xiv + 191. London: Institute of Classical Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London, 2007. Paper, £25. ISBN: 978-1-905670-06-. [REVIEW]Robert A. Kaster - 2009 - The Classical Review 59 (1):169-.
  4.  94
    A New Way of Doing the Best That We Can: Person‐Based Consequentialism and the Equality Problem.M. A. Roberts - 2002 - Ethics 112 (2):315-350.
  5.  98
    What is the wrong of wrongful disability? From chance to choice to Harms to persons.M. A. Roberts - 2009 - Law and Philosophy 28 (1):1 - 57.
    The issue of wrongful disability arises when parents face the choice whether to produce a child whose life will be unavoidably flawed by a serious disease or disorder (Down syndrome, for example, or Huntington’s disease) yet clearly worth living. The authors of From Chance to Choice claim, with certain restrictions, that the choice to produce such a child is morally wrong. They then argue that an intuitive moral approach––a “person-affecting” approach that pins wrongdoing to the harming of some existing or (...)
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  6.  59
    Temkin's essentially comparative view, wrongful life and the mere addition paradox.M. A. Roberts - 2014 - Analysis 74 (2):306-326.
  7.  40
    Human Cloning: A Case of no Harm Done?M. A. Roberts - 1996 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 21 (5):537-554.
    Some have objected to the laboratory cloning of human preembryos on the grounds that the procedure would violate the dignity of and respect owed to human preembryos. Others have argued that human cloning ought be permitted if it will predictably benefit, or at least not burden, individuals who are, unlike the human preembryo, clearly entitled to our respect and concern. Taking this latter position, the legal theorist John A. Robertson has argued that, since cloning does not harm anyone who is (...)
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  8.  22
    Getting Clear on Why the Benefits of Existence Do Not Compel Us to Create.M. A. Roberts - 2017 - American Journal of Bioethics 17 (8):18-21.
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  9.  29
    Supernumerary Pregnancy, Collective Harm, and Two Forms of the Nonidentity Problem.M. A. Roberts - 2006 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 34 (4):776-792.
    An interesting question, in both the moral and the legal context, is whether babies born of an infertility treatment-induced supernumerary pregnancy are properly considered to have been harmed. One might wonder how such a question could even arise in the face of data that clearly demonstrate that ITISP leaves an unduly large number of babies blind, deaf, and palsied, and facing lifelong disabilities. In fact, however, a number of arguments, based on the problem of collective form and two forms of (...)
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  10.  79
    Review: Future People: A Moderate Consequentialist Account of Our Obligations to Future Generations. [REVIEW]M. A. Roberts - 2007 - Mind 116 (463):770-775.
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  11.  71
    The Concept of Voluntary Consent.Robert M. Nelson, Tom Beauchamp, Victoria A. Miller, William Reynolds, Richard F. Ittenbach & Mary Frances Luce - 2011 - American Journal of Bioethics 11 (8):6-16.
    Our primary focus is on analysis of the concept of voluntariness, with a secondary focus on the implications of our analysis for the concept and the requirements of voluntary informed consent. We propose that two necessary and jointly sufficient conditions must be satisfied for an action to be voluntary: intentionality, and substantial freedom from controlling influences. We reject authenticity as a necessary condition of voluntary action, and we note that constraining situations may or may not undermine voluntariness, depending on the (...)
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  12. Autism and the "theory of mind" debate.Robert M. Gordon & John A. Barker - 1994 - In George Graham & G. Lynn Stephens (eds.), Philosophical Psychopathology. MIT Press.
  13.  22
    Holographic Declarative Memory: Distributional Semantics as the Architecture of Memory.M. A. Kelly, Nipun Arora, Robert L. West & David Reitter - 2020 - Cognitive Science 44 (11):e12904.
    We demonstrate that the key components of cognitive architectures (declarative and procedural memory) and their key capabilities (learning, memory retrieval, probability judgment, and utility estimation) can be implemented as algebraic operations on vectors and tensors in a high‐dimensional space using a distributional semantics model. High‐dimensional vector spaces underlie the success of modern machine learning techniques based on deep learning. However, while neural networks have an impressive ability to process data to find patterns, they do not typically model high‐level cognition, and (...)
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  14.  20
    Democratizing ownership and participation in the 4th Industrial Revolution: challenges and opportunities in cellular agriculture.Robert M. Chiles, Garrett Broad, Mark Gagnon, Nicole Negowetti, Leland Glenna, Megan A. M. Griffin, Lina Tami-Barrera, Siena Baker & Kelly Beck - 2021 - Agriculture and Human Values 38 (4):943-961.
    The emergence of the “4th Industrial Revolution,” i.e. the convergence of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, advanced materials, and bioengineering technologies, could accelerate socioeconomic insecurities and anxieties or provide beneficial alternatives to the status quo. In the post-Covid-19 era, the entities that are best positioned to capitalize on these innovations are large firms, which use digital platforms and big data to orchestrate vast ecosystems of users and extract market share across industry sectors. Nonetheless, these technologies also have the potential (...)
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  15.  36
    Rejoinder to Puccetti.Robert M. Martin & A. Rosenberg - 1976 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 6 (1):143 - 144.
  16.  35
    Asymmetric interference in 3‐ to 4‐month‐olds' sequential category learning.Denis Mareschal, Paul C. Quinn & Robert M. French - 2002 - Cognitive Science 26 (3):377-389.
    Three‐ to 4‐month‐old infants show asymmetric exclusivity in the acquisition of cat and dog perceptual categories. The cat perceptual category excludes dog exemplars, but the dog perceptual category does not exclude cat exemplars. We describe a connectionist autoencoder model of perceptual categorization that shows the same asymmetries as infants. The model predicts the presence of asymmetric retroactive interference when infants acquire cat and dog categories sequentially. A subsequent experiment conducted with 3‐ to 4‐month‐olds verifies the predicted pattern of looking time (...)
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  17.  15
    SV40 DNA replication intermediates: Analysis of drugs which target mammalian DNA replication.Robert M. Snapka & Paskasari A. Permana - 1993 - Bioessays 15 (2):121-127.
    The simian virus 40 chromosome, a model for the mammalian replicon, is a uniquely powerful system for the study of drugs and treatments which target enzymes of the mammalian replication apparatus. High resolution gel electrophoretic analysis of normal and aberrant viral replication intermediates can be used effectively to understand the molecular events of replication failure. These events include breakage of replication forks, aberrant topoisomerase action, failure to separate daughter chromosomes, protein‐DNA crosslinking, single and double strand DNA breakage, alterations in topology (...)
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  18. A response to rosenthal.Douglas A. Roberts & Audrey M. Chastko - 1991 - Science Education 75 (2):253-254.
     
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  19.  72
    Atheists and Agnostics Are More Reflective than Religious Believers: Four Empirical Studies and a Meta-Analysis.Gordon Pennycook, Robert M. Ross, Derek J. Koehler & Jonathan A. Fugelsang - 2016 - PLoS ONE 11 (4):e0153039.
    Individual differences in the mere willingness to think analytically has been shown to predict religious disbelief. Recently, however, it has been argued that analytic thinkers are not actually less religious; rather, the putative association may be a result of religiosity typically being measured after analytic thinking (an order effect). In light of this possibility, we report four studies in which a negative correlation between religious belief and performance on analytic thinking measures is found when religious belief is measured in a (...)
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  20.  69
    Hegel's Philosophy of Reality, Freedom, and God.Robert M. Wallace - 2005 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This book shows that the repeated announcements of the death of Hegel's philosophical system have been premature. Hegel's Philosophy of Freedom, Reality, and God brings to light accomplishments for which Hegel is seldom given credit: unique arguments for the reality of freedom, for the reality of knowledge, for the irrationality of egoism, and for the compatibility of key insights from traditional theism and naturalistic atheism. The book responds in a systematic manner to many of the major criticisms leveled at Hegel's (...)
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  21.  39
    Temporal perception in obese and normal-weight subjects: A test of the stimulus-binding hypothesis.Robert M. Stutz, Joel S. Warm & William A. Woods - 1974 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 3 (1):23-24.
  22.  33
    Determined: a science of life without free will.Robert M. Sapolsky - 2023 - New York: Penguin Press.
    One of our great behavioral scientists, the bestselling author of Behave, plumbs the depths of the science and philosophy of decision-making to mount a devastating case against free will, an argument with profound consequences Robert Sapolsky's Behave, his now classic account of why humans do good and why they do bad, pointed toward an unsettling conclusion: We may not grasp the precise marriage of nature and nurture that creates the physics and chemistry at the base of human behavior, but (...)
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  23.  27
    Original Articles.Stuart J. Youngner, Robert M. Arnold & Michael A. Devita - 1999 - Hastings Center Report 29 (6):14-21.
    One way of increasing the supply of vital organs without violating the dead donor rule is to declare death on cardiopulmonary criteria after withdrawing life support. The question then is how quickly death may be declared.
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  24.  26
    Do Physicians’ Own Preferences for Life-Sustaining Treatment Influence Their Perceptions of Patients’ Preferences?Lawrence J. Schneiderman, Robert M. Kaplan, Robert A. Pearlman & Holly Teetzel - 1993 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 4 (1):28-33.
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  25.  7
    Plato's Dialectical Ethics: Phenomenological Interpretations Relating to the Philebus.Robert M. Wallace (ed.) - 1991 - Yale University Press.
    _Plato's Dialectical Ethics,_ Gadamer's earliest work, has now been translated into English for the first time. This classic book, published in 1931 and reprinted in 1967 and 1982, is still important today. It is one of the most extensive and imaginative interpretations of Plato's _Philebus_ and an ideal introduction to Gadamer's thinking. It shows how his influential hermeneutics emerged from the application of his teacher Martin Heidegger's phenomenological method to classical texts and problems. The work consists of two chapters. The (...)
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  26. Absorption, refraction, reflection: An exploration of beginning science teacher thinking.Douglas A. Roberts & Audrey M. Chastko - 1990 - Science Education 74 (2):197-224.
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  27.  12
    Response intention and imagery processes: Locus, interaction, and contribution to motor learning.Robert M. Kohl & Sebastiano A. Fisicaro - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):760-762.
  28.  29
    Mutual Recognition and Ethics: A Hegelian Reformulation of the Kantian Argument for the Rationality of Morality.Robert M. Wallace - 1995 - American Philosophical Quarterly 32 (3):263 - 270.
  29.  18
    The effect of stimulus area and intensity upon the human retinal response.Robert M. Boynton & Lorrin A. Riggs - 1951 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 42 (4):217.
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  30.  27
    TRACX: A recognition-based connectionist framework for sequence segmentation and chunk extraction.Robert M. French, Caspar Addyman & Denis Mareschal - 2011 - Psychological Review 118 (4):614-636.
  31.  17
    Theory Medicl Ethics.Robert M. Veatch - 1983 - Basic Books.
    Assesses the ethical problems that doctors face every day and advocates a more universal code of medical ethics, one that draws on the traditions of religion and philosophy.
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  32. Utopia: A New Translation, Backgrounds, Criticism. A Norton Critical Edition.Robert M. Adams, Thomas More, James J. Greene & John P. Dolan - 1992 - Utopian Studies 3 (2):102-120.
  33. CANDIDE or Optimism. A Fresh Translation; Backgrounds; Criticism. Second Edition.Robert M. Adams - 1993 - Utopian Studies 4 (1):216-217.
  34.  65
    Hegel on “Ethical Life” and Social Criticism.Robert M. Wallace - 2001 - Journal of Philosophical Research 26:571-591.
    Many readers have suspected that Hegel---in arguing against Kant’s individualistic and critical way of approaching ethics and favoring instead an “ethical life” he associates with custom and habit---is in effect eliminating both individual judgment and any basis for criticism of corrupt or unjust communities. Most specialists reject this view of Hegel’s ethical theory, but they haven’t explained precisely how, on the contrary, ethical life preserves individual judgment and criticism within a new way of thinking about ethics. The goal of this (...)
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  35.  19
    Hegel on “Ethical Life” and Social Criticism.Robert M. Wallace - 2001 - Journal of Philosophical Research 26:571-591.
    Many readers have suspected that Hegel---in arguing against Kant’s individualistic and critical way of approaching ethics and favoring instead an “ethical life” he associates with custom and habit---is in effect eliminating both individual judgment and any basis for criticism of corrupt or unjust communities. Most specialists reject this view of Hegel’s ethical theory, but they haven’t explained precisely how, on the contrary, ethical life preserves individual judgment and criticism within a new way of thinking about ethics. The goal of this (...)
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  36.  12
    The Genesis of the Copernican World.Robert M. Wallace (ed.) - 1987 - MIT Press.
    This major work by the German philosopher Hans Blumenberg is a monumental rethinking of the significance of the Copernican revolution for our understanding of modernity. It provides an important corrective to the view of science as an autonomous enterprise and presents a new account of the history of interpretations of the significance of the heavens for man.Hans Blumenberg is Professor of Philosophy, emeritus, at the University of Munster in West Germany. This book is included in the series Studies in Contemporary (...)
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  37. Luther's reformation and sixteenth-century Catholic reform: Broadening a traditional narrative.Robert M. Andrews - 2017 - The Australasian Catholic Record 94 (4):427.
    Andrews, Robert M A way of dealing with historical episodes, the consequences of which continue to challenge us, is to ask a counterfactual-a 'what if?' question. Martin Luther's life, his critique of the Catholic Church, his challenge to the social and political hegemony of European Catholicism, the resultant splintering of an ecclesial unity assumed by the medieval mind to be practically impenetrable, is one such historical episode. My counterfactual is as follows: What would have been the consequences to European (...)
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  38.  35
    Is there A Place for Historical Criticism?: ROBERT M. PRICE.Robert M. Price - 1991 - Religious Studies 27 (3):371-388.
    Modern historical criticism of the gospels and Christian origins began in the seventeenth century largely as an attempt to debunk the Christian religion as a pious fraud. The gospels were seen as bits of priestcraft and humbug of a piece with the apocryphal Donation of Constantine. In the few centuries since Reimarus and his critical kin, historical criticism has been embraced and assimilated by many Christian scholars who have seen in it the logical extension of the grammatico-historical method of the (...)
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  39.  30
    When Is "Dead"?Stuart J. Youngner, Robert M. Arnold & Michael A. DeVita - 1999 - Hastings Center Report 29 (6):14.
    One way of increasing the supply of vital organs without violating the dead donor rule is to declare death on cardiopulmonary criteria after withdrawing life support. The question then is how quickly death may be declared.
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  40.  37
    The Divine Simplicity in St Thomas: ROBERT M. BURNS.Robert M. Burns - 1989 - Religious Studies 25 (3):271-293.
    In the Summa Theologiae ‘simplicity’ is treated as pre–eminent among the terms which may properly be used to describe the divine nature. The Question in which Thomas demonstrates that God must be ‘totally and in every way simple’ immediately follows the five proofs of God's existence, preceding the treatment of His other perfections, and being frequently used as the basis for proving them. Then in Question 13 ‘univocal predication' is held to be ‘impossible between God and creatures’ so that at (...)
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  41.  42
    Why is meat so important in Western history and culture? A genealogical critique of biophysical and political-economic explanations.Robert M. Chiles & Amy J. Fitzgerald - 2017 - Agriculture and Human Values 35 (1):1-17.
    How did meat emerge to become such an important feature in Western society? In both popular and academic literatures, biophysical and political-economic factors are often cited as the reason for meat’s preeminent status. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive investigation of these claims by reviewing the available evidence on the political-economic and biophysical features of meat over the long arc of Western history. We specifically focus on nine critical epochs: the Paleolithic, early to late Neolithic, antiquity, ancient Israel and (...)
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  42.  24
    A comparison of ratio behavior in the gerbil and white rat.Dennis A. Vanderweele, Robert M. Abelson & Joseph A. Tellish - 1973 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 1 (1):62-64.
  43.  15
    Conversion from Nonstandard to Standard Measure Spaces and Applications in Probability Theory.Peter A. Loeb & Robert M. Anderson - 1975 - Journal of Symbolic Logic 50 (1):243-243.
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  44.  28
    Clinical Trials of Xenotransplantation: Waiver of the Right to Withdraw from a Clinical Trial Should Be Required.Monique A. Spillman & Robert M. Sade - 2007 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 35 (2):265-272.
    Xenotransplantation pits clinical research ethics against public health needs because recipients must undergo long-term, perhaps life-long, surveillance for infectious diseases. This surveillance requirement is effectively an abrogation of the right to withdraw from a clinical trial. Ulysses contracts, which are advance directives for future care, may be an ethical mechanism by which to balance public health needs against limitation of individual rights.
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  45.  33
    A Woman in Full.Monique A. Spillman & Robert M. Sade - 2018 - American Journal of Bioethics 18 (7):32-34.
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  46.  32
    Clinical Trials of Xenotransplantation: Waiver of the Right to Withdraw from a Clinical Trial Should Be Required.Monique A. Spillman & Robert M. Sade - 2007 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 35 (2):265-272.
    Xenotransplantation is defined as “any procedure that involves the transplantation, implantation, or infusion into a human recipient of either live cells, tissues, or organs from a nonhuman animal source, or human body fluids, cells, tissues or organs that have had ex vivo contact with live nonhuman animal cells, tissues, or organs.” Xenotransplantation has been viewed by desperate patients and their surgeons as a solution to the problem of the paucity of human organs available for transplantation. Foes of xenotransplantation argue that (...)
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  47. Ascent Routines for Propositional Attitudes.Robert M. Gordon - 2007 - Synthese 159 (2):151 - 165.
    An ascent routine (AR) allows a speaker to self-ascribe a given propositional attitude (PA) by redeploying the process that generates a corresponding lower level utterance. Thus, we may report on our beliefs about the weather by reporting (under certain constraints) on the weather. The chief criticism of my AR account of self-ascription, by Alvin Goldman and others, is that it covers few if any PA’s other than belief and offers no account of how we can attain reliability in identifying our (...)
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  48.  35
    Controversies in defining death: a case for choice.Robert M. Veatch - 2019 - Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 40 (5):381-401.
    When a new, brain-based definition of death was proposed fifty years ago, no one realized that the issue would remain unresolved for so long. Recently, six new controversies have added to the debate: whether there is a right to refuse apnea testing, which set of criteria should be chosen to measure the death of the brain, how the problem of erroneous testing should be handled, whether any of the current criteria sets accurately measures the death of the brain, whether standard (...)
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  49.  69
    Moral Reasoning in Computer-Based Task Environments: Exploring the Interplay between Cognitive and Technological Factors on Individuals' Propensity to Break Rules. [REVIEW]Jeffrey A. Roberts & David M. Wasieleski - 2012 - Journal of Business Ethics 110 (3):355-376.
    This study examines the relationship between cognitive moral development (CMD), productivity features of information technology (IT) and unethical behavior or misconduct. Using an experimental design that randomly assigns subjects to one of four unique technology conditions, we assess the relationship between a subjects' predominant level of CMD and ethical misconduct on IT-oriented work tasks. Our results show that both higher levels of CMD and increased levels of IT productivity features at one's disposal have a significant role to play in explaining (...)
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  50.  20
    Multiple response transfer as a function of supplementary training with verbal schematic aids.Frederick H. Kresse, Robert M. Peterson & David A. Grant - 1954 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 48 (5):381.
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