Results for 'Jeff Shrager'

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  1.  6
    Is Cancer Solvable? Towards Efficient and Ethical Biomedical Science.Jeff Shrager, Mark Shapiro & William Hoos - 2019 - Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 47 (3):362-368.
    Global Cumulative Treatment Analysis is a novel clinical research model combining expert knowledge, and treatment coordination based upon global information-gain, to treat every patient optimally while efficiently searching the vast space that is the realm of cancer research.
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  2. Soccer Science and the Bayes Community: Exploring the Cognitive Implications of Modern Scientific Communication.Jeff Shrager, Dorrit Billman, Gregorio Convertino, J. P. Massar & Peter Pirolli - 2010 - Topics in Cognitive Science 2 (1):53-72.
    Science is a form of distributed analysis involving both individual work that produces new knowledge and collaborative work to exchange information with the larger community. There are many particular ways in which individual and community can interact in science, and it is difficult to assess how efficient these are, and what the best way might be to support them. This paper reports on a series of experiments in this area and a prototype implementation using a research platform called CACHE. CACHE (...)
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  3.  22
    The evolution of BioBike: Community adaptation of a biocomputing platform.Jeff Shrager - 2007 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 38 (4):642-656.
    Programming languages are, at the same time, instruments and communicative artifacts that evolve rapidly through use. In this paper I describe an online computing platform called BioBike. BioBike is a trading zone where biologists and programmers collaborate in the development of an extended vocabulary and functionality for computational genomics. In the course of this work they develop interactional expertise with one another’s domains. The extended BioBike vocabulary operates on two planes: as a working programming language, and as a pidgin in (...)
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  4.  3
    Induction: Process of inference, learning and discovery.Jeff Shrager - 1989 - Artificial Intelligence 41 (2):249-252.
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  5.  1
    Universal subgoaling and chunking: The automatic generation and learning of goal hierarchies.Jeff Shrager - 1987 - Artificial Intelligence 32 (2):269-273.
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  6.  17
    Computational discovery of communicable scientific knowledge.Pat Langley, Jeff Shrager & Kazumi Saito - 2002 - In L. Magnani, N. J. Nersessian & C. Pizzi (eds.), Logical and Computational Aspects of Model-Based Reasoning. Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 201--225.
  7.  17
    Hypernormal Science and its Significance.Harry Collins, Jeff Shrager, Andrew Bartlett, Shannon Conley, Rachel Hale & Robert Evans - 2023 - Perspectives on Science 31 (2):262-292.
    “Hypernormal science” has minimal potential for contestation on matters of principle and practice so that information exchange can be unproblematic. Sciences comprise hypernormal domains and more contestable “normal” domains where knowledge diffusion, like acquiring linguistic fluency, depends on face-to-face interaction. Hypernormal domains belonging to molecular biology are contrasted with normal domains in gravitational wave detection physics. Sciences as a whole should not be confused with their typical domains. The analysis has immediate implications for proposed transitions out of the Covid-19 lockdown, (...)
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  8. Keeping the collectivity in mind?Harry Collins, Andy Clark & Jeff Shrager - 2008 - Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 7 (3):353-374.
    The key question in this three way debate is the role of the collectivity and of agency. Collins and Shrager debate whether cognitive psychology has, like the sociology of knowledge, always taken the mind to extend beyond the individual. They agree that irrespective of the history, socialization is key to understanding the mind and that this is compatible with Clark’s position; the novelty in Clark’s “extended mind” position appears to be the role of the material rather than the role (...)
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  9.  11
    Shared scientific thinking in everyday parent‐child activity.Kevin Crowley, Maureen A. Callanan, Jennifer L. Jipson, Jodi Galco, Karen Topping & Jeff Shrager - 2001 - Science Education 85 (6):712-732.
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  10.  34
    Societal dimensions of nanotechnology as a trading zone: results from a pilot project.Michael E. Gorman, James F. Groves & Jeff Shrager - 2004 - In Baird D. (ed.), Discovering the Nanoscale. IOS. pp. 63--77.
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  11.  22
    They Give You The Keys And Say ‘drive It!’ Managers, Referred Expertise, And Other Expertises.Harry Collins & Gary Sanders - 2007 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 38 (4):621-641.
    On the face of it, the directors of new large scientific projects have an impossible task. They have to make technical decisions about sciences in which they have never made a research contribution—sciences in which they have no contributory expertise. Furthermore, these decisions must be accepted and respected by the scientists who are making research contributions. The problem is discussed in two interviews conducted with two directors of large scientific projects. The paradox is resolved for the managers by their use (...)
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  12. The ethics of killing in war.Jeff McMahan - 2004 - Ethics 114 (4):693-733.
    The traditional theory of the just war comprises two sets of principles, one governing the resort to war ( jus ad bellum) and the other governing the conduct of war ( jus in bello). The two sets of principles are regarded, in Michael Walzer’s words, as “logically independent. It is perfectly possible for a just war to be fought unjustly and for an unjust war to be fought in strict accordance with the rules.”1 Let us say that those who fight (...)
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  13. The basis of moral liability to defensive killing.Jeff McMahan - 2005 - Philosophical Issues 15 (1):386–405.
    There may be circumstances in which it is morally justifiable intentionally to kill a person who is morally innocent, threatens no one, rationally wishes not to die, and does not consent to be killed. Although the killing would wrong the victim, it might be justified by the necessity of averting some disaster that would otherwise occur. In other instances of permissible killing, however, the justification appeals to more than consequences. It may appeal to the claim that the person to be (...)
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  14. The ethics of killing in war.Jeff McMahan - 2006 - Philosophia 34 (1):693-733.
    This paper argues that certain central tenets of the traditional theory of the just war cannot be correct. It then advances an alternative account grounded in the same considerations of justice that govern self-defense at the individual level. The implications of this account are unorthodox. It implies that, with few exceptions, combatants who fight for an unjust cause act impermissibly when they attack enemy combatants, and that combatants who fight in a just war may, in certain circumstances, legitimately target noncombatants (...)
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  15. “Our fellow creatures”.Jeff McMahan - 2005 - The Journal of Ethics 9 (3-4):353 - 380.
    This paper defends “moral individualism” against various arguments that have been intended to show that membership in the human species or participation in our distinctively human form of life is a sufficient basis for a moral status higher than that of any animal. Among the arguments criticized are the “nature-of-the-kind argument,” which claims that it is the nature of all human beings to have certain higher psychological capacities, even if, contingently, some human beings lack them, and various versions of the (...)
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  16. Philosophical Critiques of Effective Altruism.Jeff McMahan - 2016 - The Philosophers' Magazine 73:92-99.
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  17. Death and the value of life.Jeff McMahan - 1988 - Ethics 99 (1):32-61.
    Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use.
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  18.  11
    In the brightness of place: topological thinking with and after Heidegger.Jeff Malpas - 2022 - Albany: The State University of New York Press.
    Drawing on a range of sources in philosophy and literature, but with particular reference to the work of Heidegger, makes a compelling case for the importance of place in philosophical discourse.
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  19.  7
    The black circle: a life of Alexandre Kojève.Jeff Love - 2018 - New York: Columbia University Press.
    A Russian in Paris -- Russian contexts -- Madmen -- The possessed -- Godmen -- The Hegel lectures -- The last revolution -- Time no more -- The book of the dead -- The later writings -- Nobodies -- Roads or ruins? -- Why finality? -- The grand inquisitor.
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  20. Moral intuition.Jeff McMahan - 2000 - In Hugh LaFollette - (ed.), The Blackwell Guide to Ethical Theory. Blackwell. pp. 92--110.
     
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  21. Just Cause for War.Jeff McMahan - 2005 - Ethics and International Affairs 19 (3):1-21.
    A just cause for war is a type of wrong that may make those responsible for it morally liable to military attack as a means of preventing or rectifying it. This claim has implications that conflict with assumptions of the current theory of just war.
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  22. Innocence, self-defense and killing in war.Jeff McMahan - 1994 - Journal of Political Philosophy 2 (3):193–221.
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  23. The morality of war and the law of war.Jeff McMahan - 2008 - In David Rodin & Henry Shue (eds.), Just and Unjust Warriors: The Moral and Legal Status of Soldiers. Oxford University Press. pp. 19--43.
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  24. The metaphysics of brain death.Jeff Mcmahan - 1995 - Bioethics 9 (2):91–126.
    The dominant conception of brain death as the death of the whole brain constitutes an unstable compromise between the view that a person ceases to exist when she irreversibly loses the capacity for consciousness and the view that a human organism dies only when it ceases to function in an integrated way. I argue that no single criterion of death captures the importance we attribute both to the loss of the capacity for consciousness and to the loss of functioning of (...)
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  25. On the moral equality of combatants.Jeff McMahan - 2006 - Journal of Political Philosophy 14 (4):377–393.
    THERE’S a well-known scene in Shakespeare’s Henry V in which the King, disguised as an ordinary soldier, is conversing with some of his soldiers on the eve of the battle of Agincourt. Hoping to find or inspire support among them, he remarks: “Methinks I could not die anywhere so contented as in the King’s company, his cause being just and his quarrel honorable.” One soldier replies: “That’s more than we know,” whereupon a second says: “Ay, or more than we should (...)
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  26.  41
    Hans-Georg Gadamer.Jeff Malpas - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
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  27. The Just Distribution of Harm Between Combatants and Noncombatants.Jeff Mcmahan - 2010 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 38 (4):342-379.
  28.  51
    The transcendental circle.Jeff Malpas - 1997 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 75 (1):1 – 20.
  29. Cognitive disability and cognitive enhancement.Jeff Mcmahan - 2009 - Metaphilosophy 40 (3-4):582-605.
    This essay explores problems of consistency among commonsense beliefs about the comparative moral status of animals, fetuses, and human beings congenitally endowed with cognitive capacities and potential no higher than those of higher animals. The possibility of genetic cognitive enhancement exacerbates some of these problems, but also offers new resources for understanding the basis of our moral status as inviolable.
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  30. Climate Change, War, and the Non-Identity Problem.Jeff McMahan - forthcoming - Journal of Moral Philosophy:1-28.
    This paper explores the relevance of the Non-Identity Problem to explaining the wrongness of causing climate change.
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  31. Wrongful life: Paradoxes in the morality of causing people to exist.Jeff McMahan - 1998 - In Jules L. Coleman & Christopher W. Morris (eds.), Rational Commitment and Social Justice: Essays for Gregory Kavka. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 208--47.
  32. Killing embryos for stem cell research.Jeff Mcmahan - 2007 - Metaphilosophy 38 (2-3):170–189.
    The main objection to human embryonic stem cell research is that it involves killing human embryos, which are essentially beings of the same sort that you and I are. This objection presupposes that we once existed as early embryos and that we had the same moral status then that we have now. This essay challenges both those presuppositions, but focuses primarily on the first. I argue first that these presuppositions are incompatible with widely accepted beliefs about both assisted conception and (...)
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  33. The Just War and the Gulf War.Jeff McMahan & Robert McKim - 1993 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 23 (4):501 - 541.
    Discussions of the morality of the Gulf War have tended to embrace the traditional theory of the just war uncritically and to apply its tenets in a mechanical and unimaginative fashion. We believe, by contrast, that careful reflection of the Gulf War reveals that certain principles of the traditional theory are oversimplifications that require considerable refinement. Our aims, therefore, are both practical and theoretical. We hope to contribute to a better understanding of the ethics both of war in general and (...)
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  34. Proportionality and Time.Jeff McMahan - 2015 - Ethics 125 (3):696-719.
    Proportionality in the resort to war determines a limit to the amount of harm it can be permissible to cause for the sake of achieving a just cause. It seems to follow that if a war has caused harm up to that limit but has not achieved the just cause, it should be terminated. I argue, however, that this is a mistake. Judgments of proportionality are entirely prospective and harms suffered or inflicted in the past should in general be ignored. (...)
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  35. Humanitarian intervention, consent, and proportionality.Jeff McMahan - 2010 - In N. Ann Davis, Richard Keshen & Jeff McMahan (eds.), Ethics and humanity: themes from the philosophy of Jonathan Glover. New York: Oxford University Press.
    However much one may wish for nonviolent solutions to the problems of unjust and unrestrained human violence that Glover explores in Humanity, some of those problems at present require violent responses. One cannot read his account of the Clinton administration’s campaign to sabotage efforts to stop the massacre in Rwanda in 1994 – a campaign motivated by fear that American involvement would cost American lives and therefore votes – without concluding that Glover himself believes that military intervention was morally required (...)
     
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  36.  22
    The Just War and The Gulf War.Jeff McMahan & Robert McKim - 1993 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 23 (4):501-541.
    Discussions of the morality of the Gulf War have tended to embrace the traditional theory of the just war uncritically and to apply its tenets in a mechanical and unimaginative fashion. We believe, by contrast, that careful reflection of the Gulf War reveals that certain principles of the traditional theory are oversimplifications that require considerable refinement. Our aims, therefore, are both practical and theoretical. We hope to contribute to a better understanding of the ethics both of war in general and (...)
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  37. On ‘Modal Personism’.Jeff McMahan - 2015 - Journal of Applied Philosophy 33 (1):26-30.
    In this article I present several challenges to the view that Shelly Kagan calls ‘modal personism’. First, there is a plausible account of our identity that, if true, greatly diminishes the scope of Kagan's view. But the scope of the view is already quite limited because the category of modal persons is restricted to those non-persons that had but have lost the potential to become persons. If the category were to include non-persons that retain the potential to become persons, Kagan's (...)
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  38.  9
    Student and faculty perceptions of, and experiences with, academic dishonesty at a medium-sized Canadian university.Jeff Meadows, Randall Barley, Stephanie Varsanyi, Christina M. Nord & Oluwagbohunmi Awosoga - 2021 - International Journal for Educational Integrity 17 (1).
    There is a paucity of research into the prevalence of academic dishonesty within Canada compared to other countries. Recently, there has been a call for a better understanding of the particular characteristics of educational integrity in Canada so that Canada can more meaningfully contribute to current discussions surrounding academic integrity. Here, we present findings from student and faculty surveys conducted within a medium-sized Canadian university. These surveys probed perceptions towards, and experiences with, academic dishonesty, in which we aimed to understand (...)
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  39. Torture in Principle and in Practice.Jeff McMahan - 2008 - Public Affairs Quarterly 22 (2):91-108.
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  40. Death and philosophy.Jeff Malpas & Robert C. Solomon (eds.) - 1998 - New York: Routledge.
    Death and Philosophy presents a wide ranging and fascinating variety of different philosophical, aesthetic and literary perspectives on death. Death raises key questions such as whether life has meaning of life in the face of death, what the meaning of "life after death" might be and whether death is part of a narrative that can be retold in different ways, and considers the various types of death, such as brain death, that challenge mind-body dualism. The essays also include explorations of (...)
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  41. Davidson's Holism: Epistemology in the Mirror of Meaning.Jeff Malpas - unknown
    Foreword to the new edition Acknowledgements Introduction: radically interpreting Davidson I. From translation to interpretation 1. The Quinean background 1.1 Radical translation and naturalized epistemology 1.2 Meaning and indeterminacy 1.3 Analytical hypotheses and charity 2. The Davidsonian project 2.1 The development of a theory of meaning 2.2 The project of radical interpretation 2.3 From charity to triangulation..
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  42.  27
    Ethics and Existence: The Legacy of Derek Parfit.Jeff McMahan, Timothy Campbell, Ketan Ramakrishnan & Jimmy Goodrich (eds.) - 2022 - New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    Derek Parfit, who died in 2017, is widely believed to have been the best moral philosopher in well over a century. The twenty new essays in this book were written in his honour and have all been inspired by his work - in particular, his work in an area of moral philosophy known as 'population ethics', which is concerned with moral issues raised by causing people to exist. Until Parfit began writing about these issues in the 1970s, there was almost (...)
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  43.  31
    Death, Brain Death, and Persistent Vegetative State.Jeff McMahan - 1998 - In Helga Kuhse & Peter Singer (eds.), A Companion to Bioethics. Malden, Mass., USA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 286–298.
    This chapter contains sections titled: The Concept of Brain Death and its Appeal A Critique of Brain Death What Kind of Entity Are We? Persistent Vegetative State References Further Reading.
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  44. Problems of Population Theory.Jeff McMahan - 1981 - Ethics 92 (1):96–127.
     
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  45. Part II: War. The consequences of war / Thomas Hurka ; Humanitarian intervention, consent, and proportionality.Jeff McMahan - 2010 - In N. Ann Davis, Richard Keshen & Jeff McMahan (eds.), Ethics and humanity: themes from the philosophy of Jonathan Glover. New York: Oxford University Press.
  46.  24
    MacIntyre, Virtue and the Critique of Capitalist Modernity.Jeff Noonan - 2014 - Journal of Critical Realism 13 (2):189-203.
    This paper is a review essay of two collections of essays focused on the work of Alasdair MacIntyre. The review focuses on three core themes. First, it discusses those papers that explore the central role that the relationship between practices and institutions plays in MacIntyre’s critique of modernity. Second, it turns to those papers that examine the foundational role that human needs play in MacIntyre’s ethics. Third, it places in dialogue those papers that defend MacIntyre’s politics as a form of (...)
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  47. The beckoning of language : Heidegger's hermeneutic transformation of thinking.Jeff Malpas - 2016 - In Michael J. Bowler & Ingo Farin (eds.), Hermeneutical Heidegger. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press.
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  48.  19
    The necessity of judgment.Jeff Malpas - 2020 - AI and Society 35 (4):1073-1074.
  49.  17
    When Higher Risk Does Not Equal Greater Harm: Doing the Most Good in a Limited Pediatric Study Population.Jeff Matsler & Jamila M. Young - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (4):118-120.
    Volume 20, Issue 4, May 2020, Page 118-120.
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  50. Infanticide and moral consistency.Jeff McMahan - 2013 - Journal of Medical Ethics 39 (5):273-280.
    The aim of this essay is to show that there are no easy options for those who are disturbed by the suggestion that infanticide may on occasion be morally permissible. The belief that infanticide is always wrong is doubtfully compatible with a range of widely shared moral beliefs that underlie various commonly accepted practices. Any set of beliefs about the morality of abortion, infanticide and the killing of animals that is internally consistent and even minimally credible will therefore unavoidably contain (...)
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