Results for 'Markus Textor'

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  1.  24
    Bolzanos Propositionalismus.Markus Textor - 1996 - New York: W. de Gruyter.
    In der 1970 gegr ndeten Reihe erscheinen Arbeiten, die philosophiehistorische Studien mit einem systematischen Ansatz oder systematische Studien mit philosophiehistorischen Rekonstruktionen verbinden. Neben deutschsprachigen werden auch englischsprachige Monographien ver ffentlicht. Gr ndungsherausgeber sind: Erhard Scheibe (Herausgeber bis 1991), G nther Patzig (bis 1999) und Wolfgang Wieland (bis 2003). Von 1990 bis 2007 wurde die Reihe von J rgen Mittelstra mitherausgegeben.
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  2. Routledge philosophy guidebook to Frege on sense and reference.Markus Textor - 2011 - New York: Routledge.
    The Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Frege On Sense and Reference helps the student to get to grips with Frege's thought, and introduces and assesses:the ...
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  3.  42
    The Austrian contribution to analytic philosophy.Markus Textor (ed.) - 2006 - New York: Routledge.
    Although an important part of the origins of analytic philosophy can be traced back to philosophy in Austria in the first part of the twentieth century, remarkably little is known about the specific contribution made by Austrian philosophy and philosophers. In The Austrian Contribution to Analytic Philosophy prominent analytic philosophers take a fresh look at the roots of analytic philosophy in the thought of influential but often overlooked Austrian philosophers, including Brentano, Meinong, Bolzano, Husserl, and Witasek. The contributors to this (...)
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  4. " Caius-at-Noon" or Bolzano on Tense and Persistence.Markus Textor - 2003 - History of Philosophy Quarterly 20 (1):81-102.
  5.  6
    Neue Theorien der Referenz.Markus Textor (ed.) - 2004 - Paderborn: Mentis.
    Welche Bedeutung haben Eigennamen wie "Kurt Gödel", Artnamen wie "Tiger" oder Indexikalia wie "ich"? Auf welche Weise beziehen sich solche Ausdrücke auf etwas? In den letzten Jahren hat sich eine intensive Diskussion über diese Fragen entwickelt, die nicht nur für Sprachphilosophen von Interesse ist: Die in der Debatte vorgebrachten Argumente haben z. B. zu heteodoxen erkenntnistheoretischen Positionen und zu einer Erneuerung des philosophischen Interesses an essentiellen Eigenschaften geführt. In diesem Band sind Arbeiten - größtenteils erstmals in deutscher Übersetzung - zusammengestellt, (...)
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  6.  14
    Semantik und Ontologie: Beiträge zur philosophischen Forschung.Mark Siebel & Markus Textor (eds.) - 2004 - Frankfurt: Ontos Verlag.
    Der zweite Band der Reihe Philosophische Forschung spannt zwei Kerngebiete der Analytischen Philosophie zusammen: die Semantik und die Ontologie. Was sind die Grundbausteine unserer Ontologie? Wie beziehen wir uns sprachlich bzw. geistig auf sie? Diese und weitere Fragen werden von international renommierten Philosophen aus historischer und systematischer Perspektive diskutiert. Die Beiträge sind in Deutsch und English verfasst. Sie stammen von Christian Beyer, Johannes Brandl, Dagfinn Føllesdal, Dorothea Frede, Rolf George, Gerd Graßhoff, Peter Hacker, Andreas Kemmerling, Edgar Morscher, Kevin Mulligan, Rolf (...)
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  7.  11
    Semantik Und Ontologie: Beiträge Zur Philosophischen Forschung.Mark Siebel & Mark Textor (eds.) - 2004 - Frankfurt: Frankfurt: Ontos Verlag.
    Der zweite Band der Reihe Philosophische Forschung spannt zwei Kerngebiete der Analytischen Philosophie zusammen: die Semantik und die Ontologie. Was sind die Grundbausteine unserer Ontologie? Wie beziehen wir uns sprachlich bzw. geistig auf sie? Diese und weitere Fragen werden von international renommierten Philosophen aus historischer und systematischer Perspektivediskutiert. Die Beiträge sind in Deutsch und English verfasst. Sie stammen von Christian Beyer, Johannes Brandl, Dagfinn Føllesdal, Dorothea Frede, Rolf George, Gerd Graßhoff, Peter Hacker, Andreas Kemmerling, Edgar Morscher, Kevin Mulligan, Rolf Puster, (...)
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  8. No luck for moral luck.Markus Kneer & Edouard Machery - 2019 - Cognition 182 (C):331-348.
    Moral philosophers and psychologists often assume that people judge morally lucky and morally unlucky agents differently, an assumption that stands at the heart of the Puzzle of Moral Luck. We examine whether the asymmetry is found for reflective intuitions regarding wrongness, blame, permissibility, and punishment judg- ments, whether people’s concrete, case-based judgments align with their explicit, abstract principles regarding moral luck, and what psychological mechanisms might drive the effect. Our experiments produce three findings: First, in within-subjects experiments favorable to reflective (...)
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  9. What do we want from Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)? – A stakeholder perspective on XAI and a conceptual model guiding interdisciplinary XAI research.Markus Langer, Daniel Oster, Timo Speith, Lena Kästner, Kevin Baum, Holger Hermanns, Eva Schmidt & Andreas Sesing - 2021 - Artificial Intelligence 296 (C):103473.
    Previous research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) suggests that a main aim of explainability approaches is to satisfy specific interests, goals, expectations, needs, and demands regarding artificial systems (we call these “stakeholders' desiderata”) in a variety of contexts. However, the literature on XAI is vast, spreads out across multiple largely disconnected disciplines, and it often remains unclear how explainability approaches are supposed to achieve the goal of satisfying stakeholders' desiderata. This paper discusses the main classes of stakeholders calling for explainability (...)
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  10. The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of Ai.Markus Dirk Dubber, Frank Pasquale & Sunit Das (eds.) - 2020 - Oxford Handbooks.
    This 44-chapter volume tackles a quickly-evolving field of inquiry, mapping the existing discourse as part of a general attempt to place current developments in historical context; at the same time, breaking new ground in taking on novel subjects and pursuing fresh approaches. The term "A.I." is used to refer to a broad range of phenomena, from machine learning and data mining to artificial general intelligence. The recent advent of more sophisticated AI systems, which function with partial or full autonomy and (...)
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  11. The norm of assertion: Empirical data.Markus Kneer - 2018 - Cognition 177 (C):165-171.
    Assertions are speech acts by means of which we express beliefs. As such they are at the heart of our linguistic and social practices. Recent research has focused extensively on the question whether the speech act of assertion is governed by norms, and if so, under what conditions it is acceptable to make an assertion. Standard theories propose, for instance, that one should only assert that p if one knows that p (the knowledge account), or that one should only assert (...)
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  12. the pyrrhonian problematic.Markus Lammenranta - 2008 - In John Greco (ed.), The Oxford handbook of skepticism. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 9--33.
     
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  13.  39
    Meaning in Life oder: Die Debatte um das sinnvolle Leben – Überblick über ein neues Forschungsthema in der analytischen Ethik. Teil 2: normativ-inhaltliche Fragen.Markus Rüther - 2021 - Zeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 75 (2):316-354.
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  14.  51
    The Handbook of Rationality.Markus Knauff & Wolfgang Spohn (eds.) - 2021 - London: MIT Press.
    The first reference on rationality that integrates accounts from psychology and philosophy, covering descriptive and normative theories from both disciplines. Both analytic philosophy and cognitive psychology have made dramatic advances in understanding rationality, but there has been little interaction between the disciplines. This volume offers the first integrated overview of the state of the art in the psychology and philosophy of rationality. Written by leading experts from both disciplines, The Handbook of Rationality covers the main normative and descriptive theories of (...)
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  15.  29
    Meaning in Life oder: Die Debatte um das sinnvolle Leben – Überblick über ein neues Forschungsthema in der analytischen Ethik. Teil 1: Grundlagen.Markus Rüther - 2021 - Zeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung 75 (1):115-155.
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  16.  39
    The constraint language for lambda structures.Markus Egg, Alexander Koller & Joachim Niehren - 2001 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 10 (4):457-485.
    This paper presents the Constraint Language for Lambda Structures(CLLS), a first-order language for semantic underspecification thatconservatively extends dominance constraints. It is interpreted overlambda structures, tree-like structures that encode -terms. Based onCLLS, we present an underspecified, uniform analysis of scope,ellipsis, anaphora, and their interactions. CLLS solves a variablecapturing problem that is omnipresent in scope underspecification andcan be processed efficiently.
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  17. Kant on Freedom of Empirical Thought.Markus Kohl - 2015 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 53 (2):301-26.
    It is standardly assumed that, in Kant, “free agency” is identical to moral agency and requires the will or practical reason. Likewise, it is often held that the concept of “spontaneity” that Kant uses in his theoretical philosophy is very different from, and much thinner than, his idea of practical spontaneity. In this paper I argue for the contrary view: Kant has a rich theory of doxastic free agency, and the spontaneity in empirical thought (which culminates in judgments of experience) (...)
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  18.  16
    “The language of Dirac’s theory of radiation”: the inception and initial reception of a tool for the quantum field theorist.Markus Ehberger - 2022 - Archive for History of Exact Sciences 76 (6):531-571.
    In 1927, Paul Dirac first explicitly introduced the idea that electrodynamical processes can be evaluated by decomposing them into virtual (modern terminology), energy non-conserving subprocesses. This mode of reasoning structured a lot of the perturbative evaluations of quantum electrodynamics during the 1930s. Although the physical picture connected to Feynman diagrams is no longer based on energy non-conserving transitions but on off-shell particles, emission and absorption subprocesses still remain their fundamental constituents. This article will access the introduction and the initial reception (...)
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  19. Skepticism and Disagreement.Markus Lammenranta - 2011 - In Diego E. Machuca (ed.), Pyrrhonism in Ancient, Modern, and Contemporary Philosophy. Springer. pp. 203-216.
    Though ancient Pyrrhonian skepticism is apparently based on disagreement, this aspect of skepticism has been widely neglected in contemporary discussion on skepticism. The paper provides a rational reconstruction of the skeptical argument from disagreement that can be found in the books of Sextus Empiricus. It is argued that this argument forms a genuine skeptical paradox that has no fully satisfactory resolution. All attempts to resolve it make knowledge or justified belief either intuitively too easy or impossible.
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  20.  30
    Actor and Institutional Dynamics in the Development of Multi-stakeholder Initiatives.Anica Zeyen, Markus Beckmann & Stella Wolters - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 135 (2):341-360.
    As forms of private self-regulation, multi-stakeholder initiatives have emerged as an important empirical phenomenon in global governance processes. At the same time, MSIs are also theoretically intriguing because of their inherent double nature. On the one hand, MSIs spell out CSR standards that define norms for corporate behavior. On the other hand, MSIs are also the result of corporate and stakeholder behavior. We combine the perspectives of institutional theory and club theory to conceptualize this double nature of MSIs. Based on (...)
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  21.  94
    The Metaphysical Deduction and the Shadow of Humean Skepticism.Markus Kohl - 2018 - Kant Studien 109 (3):367-394.
    I examine the division of labor between the Metaphysical Deduction (MD) and the Transcendental Deduction (TD). Against a common reading, I argue that the MD is insufficient to prove the a priori origin of the categories. For both Kant and his main opponent, namely Hume, the question of whether the categories have an a priori origin in the pure understanding is inseparable from the question of whether they have objective validity. Since the MD does not establish the objective validity of (...)
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  22.  63
    Kant's Critique of Instrumental Reason.Markus Kohl - 2018 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 99 (3):489-516.
    Many commentators hold that in addition to the categorical imperative of morality, Kant also posits an objective law of non-moral practical rationality, 'the' Hypothetical Imperative. On this view, the appeal to the Hypothetical Imperative increases the dialectical options that Kantians have vis-a-vis Humean skepticism about the authority of reason, and it allows for a systematic explanation of the possibility of non-moral weakness of will. I argue that despite its appeal, this interpretation cannot be sustained: for Kant the only objective, universally (...)
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  23. Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference Companion on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing.Markus Luczak-Roesch, Ramine Tinati, Kieron O'Hara & Nigel Shadbolt (eds.) - 2015
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  24.  97
    Radical Evil As A Regulative Idea.Markus Kohl - 2017 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 55 (4):641-673.
    Kant's doctrine of the radical evil in human nature invites at least two serious worries: first, it is unclear how Kant could establish the claim that all human beings adopt an evil maxim; second, this claim seems to conflict with central features of Kant's doctrine of freedom. I argue, via criticisms of various charitable interpretations, that these problems are indeed insuperable if we read Kant as trying to establish that all human beings are evil as a matter of fact. I (...)
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  25.  81
    Reliabilism and circularity.Markus Lammenranta - 1996 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 56 (1):111-124.
    How can we ever find out whether our psychological processes are reliable? According to many reliabilists—e.g. Alston, Goldman, Papineau, and Van Cleve —there is no problem: We just use our psychological processes and then arrive at the belief that these very same processes are reliable. If our psychological processes are actually reliable, we can arrive in this way at a justified belief. And, indeed, we can even come to know that they are reliable.
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  26. Transcendental and Practical Freedom in the Critique of Pure Reason.Markus Kohl - 2014 - Kant Studien 105 (3).
    To many readers, it has seemed that Kant's discussion of the relation between practical and transcendental freedom in the Transcendental Dialectic is inconsistent with his discussion of the same relation in the Canon of Pure Reason. In this paper I argue for a novel way of preserving the consistency of Kant's view: in both the Dialectic and the Canon, 'transcendental freedom' requires the absence of determination by all natural causes, whereas 'practical freedom' requires the absence of determination by, specifically, sensuous (...)
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  27.  11
    Attentional modulation of masked semantic priming by visible and masked task cues.Markus Kiefer, Natalie M. Trumpp, Caroline Schaitz, Heiko Reuss & Wilfried Kunde - 2019 - Cognition 187 (C):62-77.
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  28.  10
    Bedingte Akzeptanz? Moralische und rechtsethische Dimensionen der Ablehnung künftiger Kinder: Kommentar zum Artikel „Die Auswahl zukünftiger Kinder“ von Tatjana Tarkian.Markus Rothhaar - 2020 - Zeitschrift Für Ethik Und Moralphilosophie 3 (1):151-153.
    ZusammenfassungIm Kommentar zum Text von Tatiana Tarkian werden zwei Argumente der Verfasserin einer kritischen Prüfung unterzogen: Zum einen das Argument, dass parentale Tugenden einer Auswahl künftiger Kinder nicht entgegenstehen würde; zum anderen das Argument, dass eine negative Selektion aufgrund von Behinderung keinen diskriminierenden Charakter gegenüber Behinderten habe, wenn die negative Selektion ledgilich aufgrund verbreiteter diskriminierender Urteile in der Gesellschaft erfolge.
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  29. Kant on Cognizing Oneself as a Spontaneous Cognizer.Markus Kohl - 2020 - Canadian Journal of Philosophy 50 (3):395-412.
    I examine a range of issues concerning Kant's conception of cognitive spontaneity. I consider whether we can cognize or know ourselves as spontaneous cognizers, and why Kant seems to regard the notion of cognitive spontaneity as less problematic than the idea of moral spontaneity. As an organizing theme of my discussion, I use an apparent tension between the A-edition and the B-edition of the first Critique. Against common interpretations, I argue that in the B-edition Kant does not revoke his claim (...)
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  30. Discourse Particles, Common Ground, and Felicity Conditions.Markus Egg - 2013 - In Daniel Gutzmann & Hans-Martin Gärtner (eds.), Beyond Expressives: Explorations in Use-Conditional Meaning. Boston: Brill.
     
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  31.  7
    Foundational texts in modern criminal law.Markus Dirk Dubber (ed.) - 2014 - Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
    Foundational Texts in Modern Criminal Law presents essays in which scholars from various countries and legal systems engage critically with formative texts in criminal legal thought since Hobbes. It examines the emergence of a transnational canon of criminal law by documenting its intellectual and disciplinary history and provides a snapshot of contemporary work on criminal law within that historical and comparative context. Criminal law discourse has become, and will continue to become, more international and comparative, and in this sense global: (...)
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  32.  15
    Regulatory and legal aspects of penality.Markus D. Dubber - 2011 - In Austin Sarat, Lawrence Douglas & Martha Merrill Umphrey (eds.), Law as punishment/law as regulation. Stanford, California: Stanford Law Books.
    This chapter notes the complex and unsatisfying efforts to distinguish between punishment and regulation, and reframes the discussion of punishment and regulation by labeling the former law and the latter police. Doing so relocates this classification in a particular historical genealogy. Reconceptualizing the terms of the discussion suggests that while law operates on the individual, the object of police regulation tends to be collective. One of the distinctions frequently invoked as crucial to the difference between punishment and regulation is the (...)
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  33.  1
    The Choruses of Sophokles'_ Antigone _and_ Philoktetes: _A Dance of Words.Markus Dubischar - 2010 - Classical World: A Quarterly Journal on Antiquity 103 (2):269-270.
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  34.  7
    The Choruses of Sophokles' Antigone and Philoktetes: A Dance of Words (review).Markus Dubischar - 2010 - Classical World: A Quarterly Journal on Antiquity 103 (2):269-270.
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  35.  20
    The faith of the messiah.Markus Earth - 1969 - Heythrop Journal 10 (4):363–370.
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  36.  1
    Germanisches Karaoke.Markus Edler - 2006 - Zeitschrift für Ästhetik Und Allgemeine Kunstwissenschaft 51 (1):62-76.
    In his ›Historia ecclesiastica‹, Beda Venerabilis presents the origins of English literary history and the vocation of the first English poet within the context of non-Christian inspiration. The article argues that the irritating fact that Beda omits the original wording of the first Old English poem and gives a Latin paraphrase instead, is part of a strategy to defy the pagan implications of inspiration and to christianize the semantics of vernacular poetry.
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  37. Ambiguity and vagueness: an overview.Markus Egg - 2019 - In Claudia Maienborn, Klaus von Heusinger & Paul Portner (eds.), Semantics: interfaces. Boston: De Gruyter.
     
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  38. Ambiguity and vagueness: an overview.Markus Egg - 2019 - In Claudia Maienborn, Klaus von Heusinger & Paul Portner (eds.), Semantics - lexical structures and adjectives. Boston: De Gruyter.
     
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  39.  24
    Editorial.Markus Egg, Manfred Pinkal & James Pustejovsky - 2001 - Journal of Logic, Language and Information 10 (4):411-416.
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  40. Underspecification.[Special i ssue].Markus Egg, Manfred Pinkal & James Pustejovsky - 2001 - Journal of Logic, Language, and Information 10 (4).
  41.  14
    Correction to: “The language of Dirac’s theory of radiation”: the inception and initial reception of a tool for the quantum field theorist.Markus Ehberger - 2022 - Archive for History of Exact Sciences 77 (1):121-122.
  42.  8
    How to Study Virtual Entities Historically? A Proposal.Markus Ehberger - 2024 - Perspectives on Science 32 (3):278-299.
    This paper will not present a case study of the historical development of a virtual entity. Rather, I will develop an outlook on virtual entities in the sciences and propose a corresponding method for studying them (historically). In essence, my presentation can be considered a synthesis of different observations from the history and philosophy of science and has its roots in my dissertational research on the development of the virtual particle. Starting with a reflection on the role of presentism for (...)
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  43. We Can't Know.Markus Lammenranta - 2020 - In Steven B. Cowan (ed.), Problems in Epistemology and Metaphysics: An Introduction to Contemporary Debates. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 38-51.
    The paper defends Cartesian skepticism by an argument relying on internalism and infallibilism. It argues that this sort of skepticism gives the best explanation of our intuitions and ordinary epistemic practices.
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  44.  12
    Genauigkeit. Zur Ausbildung einer epistemischen Tugend im,langen 19. Jahrhundert‘.Markus Krajewski - 2016 - Berichte Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte 39 (3):211-229.
    Exactitude. The Genesis of an Epistemic Virtue in the ‘Long Nineteenth Century’. The article examines the genesis of exactitude as an epistemic virtue in both scholarly and scientific contexts in the 19th century, mainly in Prussia. Starting with an influential historiographic work on ancient metrology three semantic fields of accuracy, exactitude and precision are differentiated and pursued in their etymologies as well as applications. The historic situation between 1790 and 1860 is identified as the crucial period when the exactness of (...)
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  45.  37
    Reliabilism, Circularity, and the Pyrrhonian Problematic.Markus Lammenranta - 2003 - Journal of Philosophical Research 28:311-328.
    To solve the ancient Pyrrhonian problematic, it is not enough to show that knowledge and justified belief are possible. They must be shown to be actual. It is argued that the attempts by the main advocates of reliabilism, William Alston, Alvin Goldman, and Ernest Sosa, fail to solve the problematic because they fall under the Agrippan modes of circularity and hypothesis. There is also another sort of response implicit in their discussion. It is not to try to solve the problematic, (...)
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  46.  8
    Beyond Transhumanism: A Nietzschean Critique of the Cultural Implications of the Techno-Progressive Agenda.Markus Lipowicz - 2023 - International Journal of Philosophical Studies 31 (4):522-546.
    The objective of this article is to conceptualize and evaluate the transhumanist movement by applying a Nietzschean critique to its techno-progressive agenda of human enhancement. The investigation itself is divided into three distinctive, yet methodologically intertwined steps: first, I will present an exegetical approach by circumscribing the discussion concerning the alleged similarities and disparities between the transhumanist notion of transforming the human into a posthuman being and Nietzsche’s concept of education, understood as self-overcoming; secondly, in a more practical and future-oriented (...)
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  47. Neo-Pyrrhonism.Markus Lammenranta - 2018 - In Diego E. Machuca & Baron Reed (eds.), Skepticism: From Antiquity to the Present. New York: Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 565-580.
    Fogelin’s neo-Pyrrhonism is skepticism about epistemology and philosophy more generally. Philosophical reflection on ordinary epistemic practices leads us to deny the possibility of knowledge and justified belief. However, instead of accepting the dogma that knowledge and justified beliefs are impossible, a neo-Pyrrhonist rejects the philosophical premises that lead to this conclusion. Fogelin argues in particular that contemporary theories of justification cannot avoid dogmatic skepticism, because they are committed to the premises of the skeptical argument deriving from the modes of Agrippa. (...)
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  48.  55
    Kant’s Standpoint Distinction.Markus Kohl - 2018 - Kantian Review 23 (2):229-255.
    I examine what Kant means when he appeals to different "standpoints". I argue that Kant seeks to contrast an empirical, anthropocentric standpoint with a normative, more than human standpoint. Against common interpretations, I argue that the normative standpoint is not confined to practical reason, since theoretical reason is concerned with what ought to be as well. Finally, I defend the coherence of Kant’s distinction against important objections.
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  49.  24
    Reliabilism and Circularity.Markus Lammenranta - 1996 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 56 (1):111-124.
    Reliabilists have often noticed a kind of circularity in their reasoning, but they have insisted that the circularity in question is not vicious. On the contrary, they think typically that reliabilism resolves even the traditional problems of circularity. It is argued in the paper that there is a real problem of circularity that relates to the method by which we are supposed arrive at our epistemology. Different methods are considered, including methodism and particularism that Roderick Chisholm distinguishes as possible responses (...)
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  50. Die Menschenwürde als Prinzip des Rechts. Eine rechtsphilosophische Rekonstruktion.Markus Rothhaar - 2015
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