Results for 'David Elkind'

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  1.  58
    Child development and education: a Piagetian perspective.David Elkind - 1976 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    A collection of essays covering a broad range of topics, including day care, the roots of homosexuality, generational conflict, and children's concepts of life and death. "Richly suggestive." --Contemporary Psychology.
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  2.  7
    The Anti-Landscape.David E. Nye & Sarah Elkind (eds.) - 2014 - Brill | Rodopi.
    There have always been some uninhabitable places, but in the last century human beings have produced many more of them. These anti-landscapes have proliferated to include the sandy wastes of what was once the Aral Sea, severely polluted irrigated lands, open pit mines, blighted nuclear zones, coastal areas inundated by rising seas, and many others. _The Anti-Landscape_ examines the emergence of such sites, how they have been understood, and how some of them have been recovered for habitation. The anti-landscape refers (...)
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  3.  26
    Studies in Cognitive Development: Essays in Honour of Jean Piaget.Ruth M. Beard, David Elkind & John H. Flavell - 1970 - British Journal of Educational Studies 18 (1):93.
  4.  16
    Mentored peer review of standardized manuscripts as a teaching tool for residents: a pilot randomized controlled multi-center study.Mitchell S. V. Elkind, David C. Spencer, Linda M. Selwa, Patrick S. Reynolds, Raymond S. Price, Tracey A. Milligan, MaryAnn Mays, Zachary N. London, Joseph S. Kass, Sheryl R. Haut, Blair Ford, Yeseon Park Moon, Rebeca Aragón-García, Roy E. Strowd & Victoria S. S. Wong - 2017 - Research Integrity and Peer Review 2 (1).
    BackgroundThere is increasing need for peer reviewers as the scientific literature grows. Formal education in biostatistics and research methodology during residency training is lacking. In this pilot study, we addressed these issues by evaluating a novel method of teaching residents about biostatistics and research methodology using peer review of standardized manuscripts. We hypothesized that mentored peer review would improve resident knowledge and perception of these concepts more than non-mentored peer review, while improving review quality.MethodsA partially blinded, randomized, controlled multi-center study (...)
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  5. Taking Parenting Public: The Case for a New Social Movement.Enola G. Aird, Allan C. Carlson, David Elkind, William A. Galston, S. Jody Heymann, Wade F. Horn, Bernice Kanner, Juliet B. Schor, Raymond Seidelman, Theda Skocpol, Ruy Teixeira, Cornel West, Peter Winn, Edward Wolff & Ruth A. Wooden - 2002 - Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
    Taking Parenting Public makes a compelling case that parenting has become dangerously undervalued in America today. It calls for a new investment—both personal and public—into the work of raising children and argues that we are all "stockholders" in the next generation. With a foreword by Sylvia Ann Hewlett and Cornel West, Taking Parenting Public crosses boundaries to bring together thinkers from diverse fields spanning the political spectrum. It features contributions from distinguished experts in economics, political science, public policy, child development, (...)
     
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  6. An Argument for Completely General Facts.Landon D. C. Elkind - 2021 - Journal for the History of Analytical Philosophy 9 (7).
    In his 1918 logical atomism lectures, Russell argued that there are no molecular facts. But he posed a problem for anyone wanting to avoid molecular facts: we need truth-makers for generalizations of molecular formulas, but such truth-makers seem to be both unavoidable and to have an abominably molecular character. Call this the problem of generalized molecular formulas. I clarify the problem here by distinguishing two kinds of generalized molecular formula: incompletely generalized molecular formulas and completely generalized molecular formulas. I next (...)
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  7. Sameness and Substance Renewed.David Wiggins - 2001 - New York: Cambridge University Press. Edited by David Wiggins.
    In this book, which thoroughly revises and greatly expands his classic work Sameness and Substance, David Wiggins retrieves and refurbishes in the light of twentieth-century logic and logical theory certain conceptions of identity, of substance and of persistence through change that philosophy inherits from its past. In this new version, he vindicates the absoluteness, necessity, determinateness and all or nothing character of identity against rival conceptions. He defends a form of essentialism that he calls individuative essentialism, and then a (...)
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  8. The General Theory of Second Best Is More General Than You Think.David Wiens - 2020 - Philosophers' Imprint 20 (5):1-26.
    Lipsey and Lancaster's "general theory of second best" is widely thought to have significant implications for applied theorizing about the institutions and policies that most effectively implement abstract normative principles. It is also widely thought to have little significance for theorizing about which abstract normative principles we ought to implement. Contrary to this conventional wisdom, I show how the second-best theorem can be extended to myriad domains beyond applied normative theorizing, and in particular to more abstract theorizing about the normative (...)
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  9. David Hume: "the historian".David Wootton - 1993 - In David Fate Norton & Jacqueline Taylor (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Hume. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 281--312.
  10. The Rhetoric and Reality of Anthropomorphism in Artificial Intelligence.David Watson - 2019 - Minds and Machines 29 (3):417-440.
    Artificial intelligence has historically been conceptualized in anthropomorphic terms. Some algorithms deploy biomimetic designs in a deliberate attempt to effect a sort of digital isomorphism of the human brain. Others leverage more general learning strategies that happen to coincide with popular theories of cognitive science and social epistemology. In this paper, I challenge the anthropomorphic credentials of the neural network algorithm, whose similarities to human cognition I argue are vastly overstated and narrowly construed. I submit that three alternative supervised learning (...)
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  11. Signs as a Theme in the Philosophy of Mathematical Practice.David Waszek - 2024 - In Bharath Sriraman (ed.), Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice. Cham: Springer.
    Why study notations, diagrams, or more broadly the variety of nonverbal “representations” or “signs” that are used in mathematical practice? This chapter maps out recent work on the topic by distinguishing three main philosophical motivations for doing so. First, some work (like that on diagrammatic reasoning) studies signs to recover norms of informal or historical mathematical practices that would get lost if the particular signs that these practices rely on were translated away; work in this vein has the potential to (...)
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  12.  29
    Essays for David Wiggins: identity, truth, and value.David Wiggins, Sabina Lovibond & Stephen G. Williams (eds.) - 1996 - Cambridge: Blackwell.
    A collection of 14 essays honoring the life and work of Oxford philosopher Wiggins touching on topics from ancient philosophy to ethics, metaphysics and the theory of meaning. The contributing scholars debate many of the seminal issues of Wiggins' work, including the determinancy of distinctness, relative identity, naturalism in ethics, logic and truth in moral judgments, and the practical wisdom of Aristotle. The collection uniquely features replies by Wiggins to each of the papers. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, (...)
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  13. A Strange Kind of Power: Vetter on the Formal Adequacy of Dispositionalism.David Yates - 2020 - Philosophical Inquiries 8 (1):97-116.
    According to dispositionalism about modality, a proposition <p> is possible just in case something has, or some things have, a power or disposition for its truth; and <p> is necessary just in case nothing has a power for its falsity. But are there enough powers to go around? In Yates (2015) I argued that in the case of mathematical truths such as <2+2=4>, nothing has the power to bring about their falsity or their truth, which means they come out both (...)
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  14.  20
    Levels of selection: An alternative to individualism in biology and the human sciences.David Sloan Wilson - 1994 - In Elliott Sober (ed.), Conceptual Issues in Evolutionary Biology. The Mit Press. Bradford Books.
  15.  13
    Approximating optimal social choice under metric preferences.Elliot Anshelevich, Onkar Bhardwaj, Edith Elkind, John Postl & Piotr Skowron - 2018 - Artificial Intelligence 264 (C):27-51.
  16.  18
    The Explanation Game: A Formal Framework for Interpretable Machine Learning.David S. Watson & Luciano Floridi - 2021 - In Josh Cowls & Jessica Morley (eds.), The 2020 Yearbook of the Digital Ethics Lab. Springer Verlag. pp. 109-143.
    We propose a formal framework for interpretable machine learning. Combining elements from statistical learning, causal interventionism, and decision theory, we design an idealised explanation game in which players collaborate to find the best explanation for a given algorithmic prediction. Through an iterative procedure of questions and answers, the players establish a three-dimensional Pareto frontier that describes the optimal trade-offs between explanatory accuracy, simplicity, and relevance. Multiple rounds are played at different levels of abstraction, allowing the players to explore overlapping causal (...)
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  17.  10
    Ethics, law, and military operations.David Whetham (ed.) - 2011 - New York, NY: Palgrave-Macmillan.
    While there are many legal textbooks on the laws of armed conflict and academic works on ethical issues in international relations, this is the first text on the relevance of legal and normative issues in military practice. It covers the entire spectrum of military operations and is written with military deicision-makers particularly in mind.
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  18. Following Derrida.David Wood - 1987 - In John Sallis (ed.), Deconstruction and philosophy: the texts of Jacques Derrida. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 143--160.
     
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  19. The Political Resource Curse: An Empirical Re-Evaluation.David Wiens, Paul Poast & William Roberts Clark - 2014 - Political Research Quarterly 67 (4):783-794.
    Extant theoretical work on the political resource curse implies that dependence on resource revenues should decrease autocracies’ likelihood of democratizing but not necessarily affect democracies’ chances of survival. Yet most previous empirical studies estimate models that are ill-suited to address this claim. We improve upon earlier studies, estimating a dynamic logit model that interacts a continuous measure of resource dependence with an indicator of regime type using data from 166 countries, covering the period from 1816-2006. We find that an increase (...)
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  20. The Genealogy of ‘∨’.Landon D. C. Elkind & Richard Zach - 2023 - Review of Symbolic Logic 16 (3):862-899.
    The use of the symbol ∨for disjunction in formal logic is ubiquitous. Where did it come from? The paper details the evolution of the symbol ∨ in its historical and logical context. Some sources say that disjunction in its use as connecting propositions or formulas was introduced by Peano; others suggest that it originated as an abbreviation of the Latin word for “or,” vel. We show that the origin of the symbol ∨ for disjunction can be traced to Whitehead and (...)
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  21.  24
    Japan and the enemies of open political science.David Williams - 1996 - New York: Routledge.
    Japan and the Enemies of Open Political Science argues that Eurocentric blindness is a scientific failing, not a moral one. In a way true of no other political system, Japan's greatness has the potential to enliven and reform almost all the main branches of Western Political Science. David Williams criticizes Western social science, Anglo-American Philosophy and French Theory and explains why mainstream economists, historians of political thought and postculturalists have ignored Japan's modern achievements. Williams demonstrates why the renewal of (...)
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  22.  40
    "Mathesis of the Mind": A Study of Fichte’s Wissenschaftslehre and Geometry.David W. Wood - 2012 - New York, NY: New York/Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi (Brill Publishers). Fichte-Studien-Supplementa Vol. 29.
    This is an in-depth study of J.G. Fichte’s philosophy of mathematics and theory of geometry. It investigates both the external formal and internal cognitive parallels between the axioms, intuitions and constructions of geometry and the scientific methodology of the Fichtean system of philosophy. In contrast to “ordinary” Euclidean geometry, in his Erlanger Logik of 1805 Fichte posits a model of an “ursprüngliche” or original geometry – that is to say, a synthetic and constructivistic conception grounded in ideal archetypal elements that (...)
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  23.  58
    Fate, Time, and Language: An Essay on Free Will.David Foster Wallace, James Ryerson & Jay Garfield (eds.) - 2010 - New York, NY, USA: Columbia University Press.
    In 1962, the philosopher Richard Taylor used six commonly accepted presuppositions to imply that human beings have no control over the future. David Foster Wallace not only took issue with Taylor's method, which, according to him, scrambled the relations of logic, language, and the physical world, but also noted a semantic trick at the heart of Taylor's argument. _Fate, Time, and Language_ presents Wallace's brilliant critique of Taylor's work. Written long before the publication of his fiction and essays, Wallace's (...)
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  24. Remembering directly.David Wiggins - 1992 - In Psychoanalysis, Mind and Art. Cambridge: Blackwell.
     
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  25.  37
    The infamous boundary: seven decades of controversy in quantum physics.David Wick - 1995 - Boston: Birkhauser.
    The author of this book has traced the major lines of argument over those years in a most engaging style with clear descriptions of the concepts and ideas.
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  26.  19
    Condorcet and modernity.David Williams - 2004 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    David Williams explores the complex links between Condorcet as visionary ideologist and pragmatic legislator, and between his concept of modernity and the management of change. The Marquis de Condorcet was one of the few Enlightenment thinkers to witness and participate in the French Revolution. Based on an extensive array of printed and original manuscript sources, Williams' analysis of Condorcet's politics will be a major contribution to Enlightenment studies.
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  27.  38
    The discovery of evolution.David Young - 1992 - New York: Cambridge University Press, in association with Natural History Museum, London.
    The Discovery of Evolution explains what the theory of evolution is all about by providing a historical narrative of discovery. Some of the major puzzles that confront anyone studying living things are discussed and it details how these were solved from an evolutionary perspective. Beginning with the emergence of the early naturalists in the seventeenth century, the scientific discoveries that led up to and then flowed from Darwin and Wallace's theory of evolution by natural selection are then discussed, and finally (...)
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  28.  49
    Trials of reason: Plato and the crafting of philosophy.David Wolfsdorf - 2008 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Interpretation -- Introduction -- Interpreting Plato -- The political culture of Plato's early dialogues -- Dialogue -- Character and history -- The mouthpiece principle -- Forms of evidence -- Desire -- Socrates and eros -- The subjectivist conception of desire -- Instrumental and terminal desire -- Rational and irrational desires -- Desire in the critique of Akrasia -- Interpreting Lysis -- The deficiency conception of desire -- Inauthentic friendship -- Platonic desire -- Antiphilosophical desires -- Knowledge -- Excellence as wisdom (...)
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  29. Eudaimonism and realism in Aristotle's ethics: a reply to John McDowell.David Wiggins - 1995 - In Robert Heinaman (ed.), Aristotle and Moral Realism. Westview Press.
  30.  55
    A More "Inclusive" Approach to Enhancement and Disability.David Wasserman & Stephen M. Campbell - 2017 - In Jessica Flanigan & Terry Price (eds.), The Ethics of Ability and Enhancement. Palgrave-Macmillan. pp. 25-38.
  31.  10
    Cooperative games with overlapping coalitions: Charting the tractability frontier.Yair Zick, Georgios Chalkiadakis, Edith Elkind & Evangelos Markakis - 2019 - Artificial Intelligence 271 (C):74-97.
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  32.  7
    Price of Pareto Optimality in hedonic games.Edith Elkind, Angelo Fanelli & Michele Flammini - 2020 - Artificial Intelligence 288 (C):103357.
  33. Computer verification for historians of philosophy.Landon D. C. Elkind - 2022 - Synthese 200 (3):1-28.
    Interactive theorem provers might seem particularly impractical in the history of philosophy. Journal articles in this discipline are generally not formalized. Interactive theorem provers involve a learning curve for which the payoffs might seem minimal. In this article I argue that interactive theorem provers have already demonstrated their potential as a useful tool for historians of philosophy; I do this by highlighting examples of work where this has already been done. Further, I argue that interactive theorem provers can continue to (...)
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  34.  9
    Mind the gap: Cake cutting with separation.Edith Elkind, Erel Segal-Halevi & Warut Suksompong - 2022 - Artificial Intelligence 313 (C):103783.
  35.  20
    Research on human subjects: ethics, law, and social policy.David N. Weisstub (ed.) - 1998 - Kidlington, Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press.
    There have been serious controversies in the latter part of the 20th century about the roles and functions of scientific and medical research. In whose interests are medical and biomedical experiments conducted and what are the ethical implications of experimentation on subjects unable to give competent consent? From the decades following the Second World War and calls for the global banning of medical research to the cautious return to the notion that in controlled circumstances, medical research on human subjects is (...)
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  36. Śāntarakṣita and Kamalaśīla on the Jain Theory of Self.James Duerlinger, Siddarth Singh & Landon D. C. Elkind - 2015 - Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies 16:63-89.
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  37. Introduction.David F. Wright - 1978 - In Essays in evangelical social ethics. Wilton, Conn.: Morehouse-Barlow Co..
  38.  7
    A hybrid exact algorithm for complete set partitioning.Tomasz Michalak, Talal Rahwan, Edith Elkind, Michael Wooldridge & Nicholas R. Jennings - 2016 - Artificial Intelligence 230 (C):14-50.
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  39.  34
    Reflections on Inquiry and Truth arising from Peirce's Method for the Fixation of Belief.David Wiggins - 2004 - In Cheryl Misak (ed.), The Cambridge companion to Peirce. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 87--126.
  40. Fichte-Studien 49 (2021) - The Enigma of Fichte’s First Principles.David W. Wood (ed.) - 2021 - Boston: Brill | Rodopi.
    Fichte-Studien, volume 49 (Leiden: Brill/Rodopi Publishers, 8 April 2021), edited by David W. Wood, 471pp. -/- Presenting new critical perspectives on J.G. Fichte’s Wissenschaftslehre, this volume of articles in English by an international group of scholars addresses the topic of first principles in Fichte’s writings. Especially discussed are the central text of his Jena period, the 1794/95 Grundlage der gesammten Wissenschaftslehre, as well as later versions like the Wissenschaftslehre nova methodo (1796-99) and the presentations of 1804 and 1805. Also (...)
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  41. “Moral relativism” revised version.David B. Wong - 1992 - In Lawrence C. Becker & Charlotte B. Becker (eds.), Encyclopedia of ethics. New York: Routledge. pp. 2--1164.
     
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  42.  12
    Schelling games on graphs.Aishwarya Agarwal, Edith Elkind, Jiarui Gan, Ayumi Igarashi, Warut Suksompong & Alexandros A. Voudouris - 2021 - Artificial Intelligence 301 (C):103576.
  43. Ingegneria Concettuale.Davide Andrea Zappulli - 2021 - Aphex 23.
    L'ingegneria concettuale è una branca della filosofia caratterizzata da un approccio normativo nei confronti della rappresentazione. Assunzione fondamentale è che i nostri dispositivi rappresentazionali possano essere difettosi. Si configura dunque come l'attività che consiste nell'identificare i difetti in tali dispositivi e mettere in atto strategie di miglioramento. Verranno illustrate le questioni fondamentali a cui una teoria di ingegneria concettuale deve rispondere: in cosa consiste esattamente questa attività? Come possiamo attuarla? Quali meccanismi regolano la formazione dei dispositivi rappresentazionali? Possiamo influire su (...)
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  44. “Hermeneutischer Perspektivismus” in Hartmut von Sass (ed.), Perspectivismus: Neue Beiträge aus der Erkenntnistheorie, Hermeneutik und Ethik, (Blaue Reihe) Felix Meiner Verlag, 2019, Hamburg, pp. 83-100.David Weberman - 2019 - In Perspectivismus: Neue Beiträge aus der Erkenntnistheorie, Hermeneutik und Ethik. Hamburg: pp. 83-100.
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  45. “Interpretation” in C.M. van den Akker (ed.), Routledge Companion to History and Theory, (London: Routledge, 2021).David Weberman - forthcoming - In Routledge Companion to History and Theory. London UK:
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  46. “On the Idea of Overcoming Epistemology”.David Weberman - 2014 - In Charles Taylor: Interpretation, Modernity and Identity. 95100 Argenteuil, France: pp. 135-149.
     
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  47. “The Matrix, Simulation and Postmodernism”.David Weberman - 2002 - In The Matrix and Philosophy. Lasalle, IL, USA: pp. 225-239.
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  48.  6
    Shining like the Sun: a biblical theology of meeting God face to face.David H. Wenkel - 2016 - Wooster, OH: Weaver Book Company.
    This is the first sustained, whole-Bible treatment on the theme of meeting God face to face. Starting with Genesis and ending with Revelation, the author systematically covers the major events in salvation history, all of which reveal the beauty of encountering God's grace in abundance.
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  49.  6
    The fragility of faith: Toward a critique of reformed epistemology: David Wisdo.David Wisdo - 1988 - Religious Studies 24 (3):365-374.
    Human thought is unable to acknowledge the reality of affliction. To acknowledge affliction means saying to oneself: I may lose at any moment, through the play of circumstances over which I have no control, anything whatsoever I possess, including those things which are so intimately mine that I consider them as being myself. There is nothing that I might not lose.
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  50.  35
    A Tractable and Expressive Class of Marginal Contribution Nets and Its Applications.Edith Elkind, Leslie Ann Goldberg, Paul W. Goldberg & Michael Wooldridge - 2009 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly 55 (4):362-376.
    Coalitional games raise a number of important questions from the point of view of computer science, key among them being how to represent such games compactly, and how to efficiently compute solution concepts assuming such representations. Marginal contribution nets , introduced by Ieong and Shoham, are one of the simplest and most influential representation schemes for coalitional games. MC-nets are a rulebased formalism, in which rules take the form pattern → value, where “pattern ” is a Boolean condition over agents, (...)
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