Results for 'Gareth Matthews'

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  1.  22
    Socratic Perplexity: And the Nature of Philosophy.Gareth B. Matthews - 1999 - New York: Oxford University Press UK.
    Gareth Matthews suggests that we can better understand the nature of philosophical inquiry if we recognize the central role played by perplexity. The seminal representation of philosophical perplexity is in Plato's dialogues; Matthews invites us to view this as a response to something inherently problematic in the basic notions that philosophy deals with. He examines the intriguing shifts in Plato's attitude to perplexity and suggests that this development may be seen as an archetypal pattern that philosophers follow (...)
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  2. The Philosophy of Childhood.Gareth B. Matthews - 1997 - Philosophical Quarterly 47 (186):125-127.
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  3.  13
    Augustine: On the Trinity Books 8-15.Gareth B. Matthews & Stephen McKenna (eds.) - 2002 - Cambridge University Press.
    An appropriate motto for Augustine's great work On the Trinity is 'faith in search of understanding'. In this treatise Augustine offers a part-theological, part-philosophical account of how God might be understood in analogy to the human mind. On the Trinity can be fairly described as the first modern philosophy of mind: it is the first work in philosophy to recognize the 'problem of other minds', and the first to offer the 'argument from analogy' as a response to that problem. Other (...)
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  4. Temporal inabilities and decision-making capacity in depression.Gareth S. Owen, Fabian Freyenhagen, Matthew Hotopf & Wayne Martin - 2015 - Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 14 (1):163-182.
    We report on an interview-based study of decision-making capacity in two classes of patients suffering from depression. Developing a method of second-person hermeneutic phenomenology, we articulate the distinctive combination of temporal agility and temporal inability characteristic of the experience of severely depressed patients. We argue that a cluster of decision-specific temporal abilities is a critical element of decision-making capacity, and we show that loss of these abilities is a risk factor distinguishing severely depressed patients from mildly/moderately depressed patients. We explore (...)
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  5. De Anima 2. 2–4 and the Meaning of Life.Gareth B. Matthews - 1992 - In Martha C. Nussbaum & Amélie Oksenberg Rorty (eds.), Essays on Aristotle's de Anima. Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press UK.
    This essay constructs a picture of the meaning of life based on De Anima 2. 2-4. It shows that there are organisms that preserve their form through the exercise of identifiable functions. For an individual to be a short, living thing is for it to be one of these naturally species-preserving organisms. For an individual living thing to be actually living is for it to be able to perform one of the psychic or living functions appropriate to its species.
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  6. Mental capacity and decisional autonomy: An interdisciplinary challenge.Gareth S. Owen, Fabian Freyenhagen, Genevra Richardson & Matthew Hotopf - 2009 - Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy 52 (1):79 – 107.
    With the waves of reform occurring in mental health legislation in England and other jurisdictions, mental capacity is set to become a key medico-legal concept. The concept is central to the law of informed consent and is closely aligned to the philosophical concept of autonomy. It is also closely related to mental disorder. This paper explores the interdisciplinary terrain where mental capacity is located. Our aim is to identify core dilemmas and to suggest pathways for future interdisciplinary research. The terrain (...)
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  7.  10
    Augustine: On the Trinity.Gareth B. Matthews & Stephen McKenna (eds.) - 2012 - Cambridge University Press.
    An appropriate motto for Augustine's great work On the Trinity is 'faith in search of understanding'. In this treatise Augustine offers a part-theological, part-philosophical account of how God might be understood in analogy to the human mind. On the Trinity can be fairly described as the first modern philosophy of mind: it is the first work in philosophy to recognize the 'problem of other minds', and the first to offer the 'argument from analogy' as a response to that problem. Other (...)
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  8.  56
    The Philosopher as Teacher Philosophy and the Young Child.Gareth B. Matthews - 1979 - Metaphilosophy 10 (3-4):354-368.
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  9.  9
    Thought's Ego in Augustine and Descartes.Gareth B. Matthews - 1992 - Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
  10.  34
    Augustine: Ancient Thought Baptized.Gareth B. Matthews & John M. Rist - 1996 - Philosophical Review 105 (1):110.
    As John Rist presents Augustine, he was a man who “lived on the frontier between the ancient world and mediaeval Western Europe”. Among the the many who tried to transform ancient thought, Rist tells us, Augustine was “the most radical and the most influential”.
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  11.  3
    Augustine's Life.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 7–14.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  12.  1
    Lying.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 125–133.
    This chapter contains section titled: Standard Analysis First Alternative Analysis Second Alternative Analysis Third Alternative Analysis of Lying Fourth Alternative Analysis Further Reading.
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  13.  3
    Language.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 23–33.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  14.  5
    Mind‐Body Dualism.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 43–52.
    This chapter contains section titled: Argument A Argument B Argument C Further Reading Notes.
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  15.  1
    Wanting Bad Things.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 115–124.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  16.  48
    Socratic perplexity and the nature of philosophy.Gareth B. Matthews - 1999 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Gareth Matthews suggests that we can better understand the nature of philosophical inquiry if we recognize the central role played by perplexity. The seminal representation of philosophical perplexity is in Plato's dialogues; Matthews examines the intriguing shifts in Plato's attitude to perplexity and suggests that these may represent a course of philosophical development that philosophers follow even today.
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  17.  71
    Senses and Kinds.Gareth B. Matthews - 1972 - Journal of Philosophy 69 (6):149-157.
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  18.  61
    Order in Multiplicity: Homonymy in the Philosophy of Aristotle.Gareth B. Matthews & Christopher Shields - 2001 - Philosophical Review 110 (2):267.
    One of the most striking innovations in Aristotle’s philosophical writing is also one of its most characteristic features. That feature is Aristotle’s idea that terms central to philosophy, including ‘cause’ [aition], ‘good’, and even the verb ‘to be’, are, as he likes to put it, “said in many ways.” To be sure, philosophers before Aristotle give some evidence of having recognized the phenomenon of being said in many ways. Plato, in particular, suggests that things in this world that we call (...)
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  19. Augustine.Gareth B. Matthews - 2005 - Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
    This lucid survey takes readers on a thought-provoking tour through the life and work of Augustine. Explores new insights into one of antiquity’s most important philosophers Topics Include: skepticism, language acquisition, mind-body dualism, philosophical dream problems, time and creation, faith and reason, foreknowledge and free will, and Augustine’s standing as a ‘Socratic philosopher’.
     
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  20.  42
    Consciousness and Life.Gareth B. Matthews - 1977 - Philosophy 52 (199):13-26.
    In L. Frank Baum's story, Ozma of Oz, which is a sequel to Baum's much more famous story, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Dorothy and her companion come upon a wound-down mechanical man bearing a label on which are printed the following words: Smith and Tinker's Patent Double-Action, Extra-Responsive, Thought-Creating Perfect-Talking MECHANICAL MAN Fitted with our Special Clock-Work Attachment Thinks, Speaks, Acts, and Does Everything but Live As Dorothy and her companion are made to discover when they wind up this (...)
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  21.  28
    Augustine.Gareth B. Matthews - 2005 - Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
    This lucid survey takes readers on a thought-provoking tour through the life and work of Augustine. Explores new insights into one of antiquity’s most important philosophers Topics Include: skepticism, language acquisition, mind-body dualism, philosophical dream problems, time and creation, faith and reason, foreknowledge and free will, and Augustine’s standing as a ‘Socratic philosopher’.
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  22.  12
    The ontological argument.Gareth B. Matthews - 2004 - In William Mann (ed.), The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Religion. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 80–102.
  23.  20
    Animals and the Unity of Psychology.Gareth B. Matthews - 1978 - Philosophy 53 (206):437-454.
    By ‘the unity of psychology’ I mean something one might also express by saying that the psychology of human beings is part of the psychology of animals generally. Perhaps there are several different ways of trying to trace out the ramifications of the idea that psychology is one. A central consideration, I think, is likely to be some sort of principle of continuity up and down the scale of nature. The idea would be that up and down the scale of (...)
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  24. Books for review and for listing here should be addressed to Emily Zakin, Review Editor, Department of Philosophy, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056.Gareth B. Matthews New, Andrew R. Bailey, Sarah Buss, Steven M. Cahn, Howard Caygill, David J. Chalmers, John Christman, Michael Clark, David E. Cooper & Simon Critchley - 2002 - Teaching Philosophy 25 (4):403.
  25.  6
    The philosophy of childhood.Gareth B. Matthews - 1994 - Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
    Adult preconceptions about the mental life of children tend to discourage a child’s philosophical bent. By exposing the underpinnings of adult views of childhood, Matthews clears the way for recognizing the philosophy of childhood as a legitimate field of inquiry and conducts us through influential models for understanding what it is to be a child.
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  26.  6
    Why Plato Lost Interest in the Socratic Method.Gareth B. Matthews - 2022 - Springer Verlag.
    The Socratic method of questioning and refutation (elenchus) predominates the early Platonic dialogues. But things change in the middle dialogues, as Socrates goes beyond merely asking questions and begins to provide answers to his questions. And the method virtually disappears in the late dialogues. The standard explanation of this phenomenon is that the early dialogues were intended to commemorate Socrates and the elenchus, while in the middle and late dialogues Plato went beyond Socrates to present his own mature philosophical thought. (...)
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  27. Philosophieren mit Kindern.Gareth B. Matthews (ed.) - 1996 - Rostock: Universität Rostock.
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  28.  6
    Skepticism.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 15–22.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  29.  4
    6. Descartes and the Problem of Other Minds.Gareth B. Matthews - 1986 - In Amélie Oksenberg Rorty (ed.), Essays on Descartes’ Meditations. University of California Press. pp. 141-152.
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  30.  3
    Foreknowledge and Free Will.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 96–104.
    This chapter contains section titled: The Guarantor Solution The Divine‐Case Solution The Eternality Solution The Modal‐Placement Solution Foreknowledge does not Compel Further Reading Notes.
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  31.  4
    Faith and Reason.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 86–95.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  32.  2
    Index.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 146–148.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  33. Philosophical Dream Problems.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 65–75.
    This chapter contains section titled: The Epistemological Dream Problem The Metaphysical Dream Problem The Moral Dream Problem Further Reading Notes.
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  34.  2
    Socratic Ignorance.Gareth B. Matthews - 2006 - In Hugh H. Benson (ed.), A Companion to Plato. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 101–118.
    This chapter contains sections titled: The Divine Mission Knowing Something Fine and Good Priority of Definitional Knowledge The Aporetic Reading Telling a Lie Recollection Vlastos Benson Brickhouse and Smith Conclusion.
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  35.  4
    The Augustinian Cogito.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 34–42.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  36.  1
    Time and Creation.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 76–85.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  37.  5
    The Educational Thought of Augustine.Gareth B. Matthews - 2003 - In Randall Curren (ed.), A Companion to the Philosophy of Education. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 50–61.
    This chapter contains sections titled: Prelinguistic Learning Language Acquisition The Ambiguity of Ostension The Doctrine of Illumination The Computational View of Mind Illumination and Platonic Recollection Truth and Meaning Science and Religion Socratic Puzzlement Our “Fallen” State Intentionalism Virtue Teachers and Learners Augustine's Influence on the Philosophy of Education.
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  38.  2
    The First‐Person Point of View.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 1–6.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  39.  4
    The Problem of Evil.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Augustine. Wiley. pp. 105–114.
    This chapter contains section titled: Further Reading Notes.
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  40.  12
    Aristotelian Categories.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Georgios Anagnostopoulos (ed.), A Companion to Aristotle. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 144–161.
    This chapter contains sections titled: The Fourfold Classification Tropes Aristotle's Principle In a Subject Owen's Reading Frede's Reading Differentiae Options for “In a Subject” The Tenfold Classification Substance Relatives The Place of the Categories in Aristotle's Thought Being Said in Many Ways Two Systems? The Afterlife of the Doctrine of Categories Notes Bibliography.
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  41. Agustín.Gareth Matthews - 2010 - Revista Agustiniana 51 (154):237.
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  42. Doing philosophy with children rejects Piaget's assumptions.Gareth B. Matthews - 2017 - In Saeed Naji & Rosnani Hashim (eds.), History, Theory and Practices of Philosophy for Children: International Perspectives. New York: Routledge.
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  43.  33
    Augustine on the mind’s search for itself.Gareth B. Matthews - 2003 - Faith and Philosophy 20 (4):415-429.
    In De trinitate X Augustine seeks to discover the nature of mind. As if recalling Plato’s Paradox of Inquiry, he wonders how such a search can be coherently understood. Rejecting the idea that the mind knows itself only indirectly, or partially, or by description, he insists that nothing is so present to the mind as itself. Yet it is open to the mind to perfect its knowledge of itself by coming to realize that its nature is to be only what (...)
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  44. Grundlagen des Philosophierens mit Kindern.Gareth B. Matthews - 1993 - Ethik Und Sozialwissenschaften 4 (3):413.
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  45.  85
    Philosophy and the young child.Gareth B. Matthews - 1980 - Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
    In a series of exquisite examples that could only have been gathered by a professional philosopher with an extraordinary respect for young minds, Gareth...
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  46.  45
    The Epistemology and Metaphysics of Socrates.Gareth B. Matthews - 2008 - In Gail Fine (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Plato. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Epistemology and metaphysics as described by Socrates is the crux of this article. Socrates here is all set to assess the wisdom of the candidates. He goes about arguing as to who is wiser and the various aspects of wisdom. He also elaborates on wisdom as a virtue. The article further harps on the idea of what counts as knowledge and also highlights the differences between Socratic Ignorance and Complete Ignorance.
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  47. Critical notices.Gareth B. Matthews - 2000 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 60 (1):244.
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  48.  24
    Descartes and Augustine.Gareth B. Matthews - 1998 - Philosophical and Phenomenological Research 61 (3):721-723.
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  49.  41
    Dialogues with children.Gareth B. Matthews - 1984 - Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
    Dialogues generated over a year of weekly meetings with 8 children at a school in Edinburgh. The author and the children attempted to craft stories reflecting philosophical problems.
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  50.  32
    Higher education outreach: Examining key challenges for academics.Matthew Johnson, Emily Danvers, Tamsin Hinton-Smith, Kate Atkinson, Gareth Bowden, John Foster, Kristina Garner, Paul Garrud, Sarah Greaves, Patricia Harris, Momna Hejmadi, David Hill, Gwen Hughes, Louise Jackson, Angela O’Sullivan, Séamus ÓTuama, Pilar Perez Brown, Pete Philipson, Simon Ravenscroft, Mirain Rhys, Tom Ritchie, Jon Talbot, David Walker, Jon Watson, Myfanwy Williams & Sharon Williams - 2019 - British Journal of Educational Studies 67 (4):469-491.
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