Results for 'Peter Downing'

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  1.  37
    Are Causal Laws Purely General?Peter Alexander & Peter Downing - 1970 - Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 44 (1):15-50.
    Peter Alexander: It is presumably admitted that laws, whether causal or not, are universal in form; they are appropriately stated in universal categoricals or unrestricted hypotheticals. I assume that this is not at issue in the question set. I take our question to be this: given that causal laws are universal statements, can they be said to be about, to apply to, to hold for, individual things? -/- Peter Downing: Mr. Alexander maintains that there are 'irreducibly singular' (...)
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  2.  3
    Are Causal Laws Purely General?Peter Alexander & Peter Downing - 1970 - Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 44 (1):15-50.
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  3.  10
    V—Entailment.Peter Downing - 1966 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 66 (1):15-26.
    Peter Downing; V—Entailment, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 66, Issue 1, 1 June 1966, Pages 15–26, https://doi.org/10.1093/aristotelian/66.1.15.
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  4.  10
    Entailment.Peter Downing - 1966 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 66:15 - 26.
    Peter Downing; V—Entailment, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 66, Issue 1, 1 June 1966, Pages 15–26, https://doi.org/10.1093/aristotelian/66.1.15.
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  5. Conditionals, impossibilities and material implications.Peter Downing - 1975 - Analysis 35 (3):84.
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  6.  86
    Conditionals, Impossibilities and Material Implications.Peter Downing - 1975 - Analysis 35 (3):84 - 91.
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  7. Positive and neative terms.Peter Downing - 1969 - Analysis 29 (4):131-135.
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  8.  1
    Positive and negative terms--again.Peter Downing - 1970 - Analysis 30 (5):173-176.
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  9. Positive and Negative Terms.Peter Downing - 1969 - Analysis 29 (4):131 - 135.
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  10.  32
    Positive and Negative Terms, Again.Peter Downing - 1970 - Analysis 30 (5):173 - 176.
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  11. Acknowledgment of outside reviewers for 1995.Margaret Andersen, Brian M. Downing, Steven Epstein, K. Peter Etzkorn, Andrew Feenberg, John Foran, Roger Friedland, Nehemia Geva, Bob Holton & Richard Lachmann - 1996 - Theory and Society 25:155.
  12. The Behavioral Biology of Teams: Multidisciplinary Contributions to Social Dynamics in Isolated, Confined, and Extreme Environments.Lauren Blackwell Landon, Grace L. Douglas, Meghan E. Downs, Maya R. Greene, Alexandra M. Whitmire, Sara R. Zwart & Peter G. Roma - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  13.  34
    European and American Philosophers.John Marenbon, Douglas Kellner, Richard D. Parry, Gregory Schufreider, Ralph McInerny, Andrea Nye, R. M. Dancy, Vernon J. Bourke, A. A. Long, James F. Harris, Thomas Oberdan, Paul S. MacDonald, Véronique M. Fóti, F. Rosen, James Dye, Pete A. Y. Gunter, Lisa J. Downing, W. J. Mander, Peter Simons, Maurice Friedman, Robert C. Solomon, Nigel Love, Mary Pickering, Andrew Reck, Simon J. Evnine, Iakovos Vasiliou, John C. Coker, Georges Dicker, James Gouinlock, Paul J. Welty, Gianluigi Oliveri, Jack Zupko, Tom Rockmore, Wayne M. Martin, Ladelle McWhorter, Hans-Johann Glock, Georgia Warnke, John Haldane, Joseph S. Ullian, Steven Rieber, David Ingram, Nick Fotion, George Rainbolt, Thomas Sheehan, Gerald J. Massey, Barbara D. Massey, David E. Cooper, David Gauthier, James M. Humber, J. N. Mohanty, Michael H. Dearmey, Oswald O. Schrag, Ralf Meerbote, George J. Stack, John P. Burgess, Paul Hoyningen-Huene, Nicholas Jolley, Adriaan T. Peperzak, E. J. Lowe, William D. Richardson, Stephen Mulhall & C. - 1991 - In Robert L. Arrington (ed.), A Companion to the Philosophers. Malden, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 109–557.
    Peter Abelard (1079–1142 ce) was the most wide‐ranging philosopher of the twelfth century. He quickly established himself as a leading teacher of logic in and near Paris shortly after 1100. After his affair with Heloise, and his subsequent castration, Abelard became a monk, but he returned to teaching in the Paris schools until 1140, when his work was condemned by a Church Council at Sens. His logical writings were based around discussion of the “Old Logic”: Porphyry's Isagoge, aristotle'S Categories (...)
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  14. Peter R. Anstey: The Philosophy of Robert Boyle.L. Downing - 2003 - British Journal for the History of Philosophy 11 (2):342-344.
     
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  15.  32
    A quantum logic of down below.Peter D. Bruza, Dominic Widdows & John Woods - unknown
    This chapter is offered as a contribution to the logic of down below. We attempt to demonstrate that the nature of human agency necessitates that there actually be such a logic. The ensuing sections develop the suggestion that cognition down below has a structure strikingly similar to the physical structure of quantum states. In its general form, this is not an idea that originates with the present authors. It is known that there exist mathematical models from the cognitive science of (...)
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  16.  11
    Bringing the State Back In. Peter Evans.Brian M. Downing - 1987 - Ethics 97 (3):658-659.
  17. Down on the factory farm.Peter Singer - 1989 - In Tom Regan & Peter Singer (eds.), Animal Rights and Human Obligations. Cambridge University Press. pp. 159--168.
     
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  18.  5
    The Necessity and Goodness of Animals in Sijistānī’s Kashf Al-Maḥjūb.Peter Adamson & Hanif Amin Beidokhti - 2024 - Philosophies 9 (3):72.
    The Neoplatonic notion of “emanation” implies a required progression through hierarchical stages, originating from the highest principle (the One or God) and cascading down through a series of principles. While this process is deemed necessary, it is also inherently good, even “choiceworthy”, aligning with the identification of the first principle with the Good. Plotinus, a prominent Neoplatonist, emphasizes the beauty and goodness of the sensible world, governed by divine providence. This perspective, transmitted through Arabic adaptations of Plotinus, influences Islamic philosophers (...)
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  19.  37
    Internal context and top-down processing.Peter König, Carl Chiang & Astrid von Stein - 1997 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 20 (4):691-692.
    Recent experimental work suggests that the concept of contextual fields should be generalized to allow the modulation of local information extraction by both external and internal context. The external context relates to the coherent information of the stimulus; the internal context refers to the parts of this information which are relevant for behavior. This dual interaction, present at every level of the hierarchy, requires a fundamental unit of processing more complex than a single neuron appears today. We argue that the (...)
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  20.  20
    A Nice Knock-Down Argument.Peter Williams - 1995 - Philosophy Now 13:46-47.
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  21.  73
    Originalism All the Way Down. Or: The Explosion of Progressivism.Peter Martin Jaworski - 2013 - Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence 26 (2):313-340.
    It is often said that the Constitution does not interpret itself, that we are in need of a theory of interpretation for constitutions. This need has led to a flourishing literature on constitutional interpretation. Statutes, also, stand in need of a theory of interpretation, and that obvious need has led to a robust literature on that subject. What is said too infrequently is that Supreme Court rulings do not interpret themselves, that we are in need of a theory of interpretation (...)
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  22.  41
    The molecule maxim: Guidelines for an evolved enterprise culture in Hungary.Peter Zwack - 1998 - World Futures 52 (2):155-161.
    Problems arising from the transformation of Hungary from a monolithic society into a market economy are addressed. In the past, under communism, the worker was a faceless digit in a mass proletariat. He had no rights, but also no sense of obligation to society and the community. How can the business community instil in its worker a sense of their own unique individuality and role in their company and in society, a psychological awakening that will benefit not only the works (...)
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  23. Please Scroll Down for Article.Peter Machamer - unknown
    This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.
     
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  24. Philosophy Upside Down?Peter Baumann - 2013 - Metaphilosophy 44 (5):579-588.
    Philip Kitcher recently argued for a reconstruction in philosophy. According to him, the contemporary mainstream of philosophy has deteriorated into something that is of relevance only to a few specialists who communicate with each other in a language nobody else understands. Kitcher proposes to reconstruct philosophy along two axes: a knowledge axis and a value axis. The present article discusses Kitcher's diagnosis as well as his proposal of a therapy. It argues that there are problems with both, and it ends (...)
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  25. Comedy. Taking the ladder down : Hegel on comedy and religious experience.Peter Wake - 2021 - In Mark Alznauer (ed.), Hegel on tragedy and comedy: new essays. Albany: State University of New York Press.
  26.  18
    Stepping down from mere appearance: Modelling the 'actuality' of time.Sally Shrapnel, Peter W. Evans & Gerard J. Milburn - unknown
    In her paper, 'The Open Universe: Totality, Self-reference and Time', Ismael argues that the agent experience of dynamic time, in which the world comes into being, is more than 'mere appearance'. The key to her argument is that the actual world includes agents (minds) and their corresponding agential (mental) activity, which Ismael describes as 'the crucial step down from 'mere appearance' to actuality'. We present here a model of an agent as a complex physical system with a view to providing (...)
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  27. When cycling goes up, reliability comes down.Peter S. Jackson - 2005 - In Alan Blackwell & David MacKay (eds.), Power. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 149--3.
     
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  28.  18
    Is Down Syndrome A Modern Disease?E. Peter Volpe - 1986 - Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 29 (3-1):423-436.
  29. Evolutionary psychology, adaptation and design.Stephen M. Downes - 2015 - In Thomas Heams, Philippe Huneman, Guillaume Lecointre & Marc Silberstein (eds.), Handbook of Evolutionary Thinking in the Sciences. Springer. pp. 659-673.
    I argue that Evolutionary Psychologists’ notion of adaptationism is closest to what Peter Godfrey-Smith (2001) calls explanatory adaptationism and as a result, is not a good organizing principle for research in the biology of human behavior. I also argue that adopting an alternate notion of adaptationism presents much more explanatory resources to the biology of human behavior. I proceed by introducing Evolutionary Psychology and giving some examples of alternative approaches to the biological explanation of human behavior. Next I characterize (...)
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  30.  21
    Playing God?: Genetic Determinism and Human Freedom.Ted Peters - 1997 - Psychology Press.
    In this book, Ted Peters explores the fallacies of the "gene myth" and presents a resounding array of arguments against this kind of all-encompassing genetic determinism. On the scientific side, he correctly points out that genetic influences on behavior are in most instances relatively modest. Does anyone deny that identical twins are still able to practice individual free will? After dispatching some of the sweepingly deterministic conclusions of the "science" of evolutionary psychology with a particularly effective set of rebuttals, Peters (...)
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  31.  56
    Central banking and inequalities: Taking off the blinders.Peter Dietsch, François Claveau & Clément Fontan - 2016 - Politics, Philosophy and Economics 15 (4):319-357.
    What is the relation between monetary policy and inequalities in income and wealth? This question has received insufficient attention, especially in light of the unconventional policies introduced since the 2008 financial crisis. The article analyzes three ways in which the concern central banks show for inequalities in their official statements remains incomplete and underdeveloped. First, central banks tend to care about inequality for instrumental reasons only. When they do assign intrinsic value to containing inequalities, they shy away from trade-offs with (...)
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  32.  21
    Reasonableness and Effectiveness in Argumentative Discourse: Fifty Contributions to the Development of Pragma-Dialectics.Peter Houtlosser, Frans van Eemeren & Frans H. van Eemeren (eds.) - 2015 - Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag.
    The study of argumentation is prospering. After its brilliant start in Antiquity, highlighted in the classical works of Aristotle, after an alternation of ups and downs during the following millennia, in the post-Renaissance period its gradual decline set in. Revitalization took place only after Toulmin and Perelman published in the same year their landmark works The Uses of Argument and La nouvelle rhétorique. The model of argumentation presented by Toulmin and Perelman’s inventory of argumentation techniques inspired a great many scholars (...)
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  33.  24
    On the role of expectation in visual perception: A top-down view of early visual cortex.Kok Peter & De Lange Floris - 2015 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9.
  34.  15
    Speaking Into the Air: A History of the Idea of Communication.John Durham Peters - 1999 - University of Chicago Press.
    Communication plays a vital and unique role in society-often blamed for problems when it breaks down and at the same time heralded as a panacea for human relations. A sweeping history of communication, _Speaking Into the Air_ illuminates our expectations of communication as both historically specific and a fundamental knot in Western thought. "This is a most interesting and thought-provoking book.... Peters maintains that communication is ultimately unthinkable apart from the task of establishing a kingdom in which people can live (...)
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  35.  20
    Speaking Into the Air: A History of the Idea of Communication.John Durham Peters - 1999 - University of Chicago Press.
    Communication plays a vital and unique role in society-often blamed for problems when it breaks down and at the same time heralded as a panacea for human relations. A sweeping history of communication, _Speaking Into the Air_ illuminates our expectations of communication as both historically specific and a fundamental knot in Western thought. "This is a most interesting and thought-provoking book.... Peters maintains that communication is ultimately unthinkable apart from the task of establishing a kingdom in which people can live (...)
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  36.  55
    The political philosophy of the British idealists: selected studies.Peter P. Nicholson - 1990 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This book offers a reassessment of the political philosophy of the British Idealists, a group of once influential and now neglected nineteenth-century Hegelian philosophers, whose work has been much misunderstood. Peter Nicholson focuses on F. H. Bradley's idea of morality and moral philosophy; T. H. Green's theory of the Common Good, of the social nature of rights, of freedom, and of state interference; and Bernard Bosanquet's notorious theory of the General Will. By examining the arguments offered by the Idealists (...)
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  37.  7
    The Political Philosophy of the British Idealists: Selected Studies.Peter P. Nicholson - 1990 - New York: Cambridge University Press.
    This book offers a reassessment of the political philosophy of the British Idealists, a group of once influential and now neglected nineteenth-century Hegelian philosophers, whose work has been much misunderstood. Peter Nicholson focuses on F. H. Bradley's idea of morality and moral philosophy; T. H. Green's theory of the Common Good, of the social nature of rights, of freedom, and of state interference; and Bernard Bosanquet's notorious theory of the General Will. By examining the arguments offered by the Idealists (...)
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  38.  26
    Pre-Cueing Effects: Attention or Mental Imagery?Peter Fazekas & Bence Nanay - 2017 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
    We argue that pre-cueing studies show that perception is cognitively penetrated via mental imagery. It is important to be clear about the relation between attention and mental imagery here. We do not want to question the role of attention in pre-cueing studies. After all, it is attention that is being pre-cued. The pre-cue draws attention to certain features, which via top-down connections induces mental imagery for the pre-cued properties, which, then, after stimulus-presentation, interacts with and influences the online computations that (...)
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  39.  4
    The Disunity of Science: Boundaries, Contexts, and Power by Peter Galison; David J. Stump. [REVIEW]Stephen Downes - 1997 - Isis 88:517-518.
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  40.  68
    Block's Overflow Argument.Peter Carruthers - 2017 - Pacific Philosophical Quarterly:65-70.
    This article challenges Block's ‘overflow argument’ for the conclusion that phenomenal consciousness and access-consciousness are distinct. It shows that the data can be explained just as well in terms of a distinction between contents that are made globally accessible through bottom–up sensory stimulation and those that are sustained and made available in working memory through top-down attention.
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  41.  69
    On unidirectionality in precisification.Peter Klecha - 2018 - Linguistics and Philosophy 41 (1):87-124.
    This paper provides a formal pragmatic analysis of precision which accounts for its essential properties, but also for Lewis’s :339–359, 1979) observation of asymmetry in how standards of precision may shift due to normal discourse moves: Only up, not down. I propose that shifts of the kind observed and discussed by Lewis are in fact cases of underlying disagreement about the standard of precision, which is only revealed when one interlocutor uses an expression which signals their adherence to a higher (...)
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  42.  96
    Truth in Fiction: A Reexamination of Audiences.Peter J. Rabinowitz - 1977 - Critical Inquiry 4 (1):121-141.
    Questions about the status of literary truth are as old as literary criticism, but they have become both more intricate and more compelling as literature has grown progressively more self-conscious and labyrinthian in its dealings with "reality." One might perhaps read The Iliad or even David Copperfield without raising such issues. But authors like Gide , Nabokov, Borges, and Robbe-Grillet seem continually to remind their readers of the complex nature of literary truth. How, for instance, are we to deal with (...)
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  43. The market, competition, and equality.Peter Dietsch - 2010 - Politics, Philosophy and Economics 9 (2):213-244.
    How much inequality does market interaction generate? The answer to this question partly depends on the level of competition among economic agents. Yet, in their normative analysis of the market, theories of distributive justice focus on individual characteristics such as talents as determinants of income, and tend to ignore structural features such as competition. Economists, on the other hand, dispose of the conceptual tools to assess the distributive impact of competition, but their analysis is usually limited to allocative efficiency. Part (...)
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  44.  84
    Ancient philosophy, mystery, and magic: Empedocles and Pythagorean tradition.Peter Kingsley - 1995 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    This is the first book to analyze systematically crucial aspects of ancient Greek philosophy in their original context of mystery, religion, and magic. The author brings to light recently uncovered evidence about ancient Pythagoreanism and its influence on Plato, and reconstructs the fascinating esoteric transmission of Pythagorean ideas from the Greek West down to the alchemists and magicians of Egypt, and from there into the world of Islam.
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  45.  25
    Distractibility during retrieval of long-term memory: domain-general interference, neural networks and increased susceptibility in normal aging.Peter E. Wais & Adam Gazzaley - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5:76196.
    The mere presence of irrelevant external stimuli results in interference with the fidelity of details retrieved from long-term memory (LTM). Recent studies suggest that distractibility during LTM retrieval occurs when the focus of resource-limited, top-down mechanisms that guide the selection of relevant mnemonic details is disrupted by representations of external distractors. We review findings from four studies that reveal distractibility during episodic retrieval. The approach cued participants to recall previously studied visual details when their eyes were closed, or were open (...)
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  46.  10
    Interpreting Arnauld (review).Lisa Jeanne Downing - 1999 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 37 (2):367-368.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:Interpreting Arnauld ed. by Elmar J. KremerLisa DowningElmar J. Kremer, editor. Interpreting Arnauld. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996. Pp. xi + 183. Cloth, $65.00.This attractive volume represents (with one exception) the proceedings of what was evidently a lively colloquium on Arnauld’s philosophy, held at the University of Toronto in 1994 to commemorate the three-hundredth anniversary of his death. Although Antoine Arnauld has been best known to contemporary (...)
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  47.  49
    Interpreting Arnauld (review).Lisa Jeanne Downing - 1999 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 37 (2):367-368.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:Interpreting Arnauld ed. by Elmar J. KremerLisa DowningElmar J. Kremer, editor. Interpreting Arnauld. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996. Pp. xi + 183. Cloth, $65.00.This attractive volume represents (with one exception) the proceedings of what was evidently a lively colloquium on Arnauld’s philosophy, held at the University of Toronto in 1994 to commemorate the three-hundredth anniversary of his death. Although Antoine Arnauld has been best known to contemporary (...)
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  48.  16
    Harmless drudgery. Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology_, second edition (1989). Edited by J. Stenesh. Wiley Interscience, New York. 525pp. £47/$70.95. _Chambers Biology Dictionary_(1989). Edited by Peter M. B. Walker. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 324pp. pb £8.95/$14.95. _Henderson's Dictionary of Biological Terms_, tenth edition (1989). Edited by Eleanor Lawrence. Longman's, Harlow. 637pp. £17.95. _A Guide to Modern Biology: Genetics, Cells and Systems(1989). By Eleanor Lawrence. Longman's, Harlow. 507pp. pb. £9.95. [REVIEW]Stephen Downes - 1991 - Bioessays 13 (1):47-48.
  49.  23
    Semantics, Tense, and Time.Peter Ludlow - 1997 - ProtoSociology 10:191-196.
    According to a number of authors it is possible to give tenseless (B-series) truth conditions for tensed sentences by utilizing token indexicals in something like the following fashion. (1a) An utterance u of 'Past S' is true iff at some time earlier than u, S is true (1b) An utterance u of 'Pres S' is true iff at some time overlapping u, S is true This strategy has been challenged on the grounds that it will break down in cases like (...)
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  50.  83
    A forgotten strand of reception history: understanding pure semantics.Peter Olen - 2017 - Synthese 194 (1):121-141.
    I explore a strand of reception history that follows Rudolf Carnap’s shift from a purely syntactical analysis of constructed languages to his conception of pure semantics. My exploration focuses on Gustav Bergmann’s and Everett Hall’s interpretation of pure semantics, their understanding of what constitutes a ’formal’ investigation of language, and their arguments concerning the relationship between expressions and their extra-linguistic referents. I argue that Bergmann and Hall strongly misread Carnap’s semantic project and, subsequently, their misunderstanding is passed down through colleagues (...)
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