Results for 'Emmerich Dormuth-Thoma'

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  1. Taking Risks on Behalf of Another.Johanna Thoma - 2023 - Philosophy Compass 18 (3):e12898.
    A growing number of decision theorists have, in recent years, defended the view that rationality is permissive under risk: Different rational agents may be more or less risk-averse or risk-inclined. This can result in them making different choices under risk even if they value outcomes in exactly the same way. One pressing question that arises once we grant such permissiveness is what attitude to risk we should implement when choosing on behalf of other people. Are we permitted to implement any (...)
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  2.  38
    The Epistemic Division of Labor Revisited.Johanna Thoma - 2015 - Philosophy of Science 82 (3):454-472.
    Some scientists are happy to follow in the footsteps of others; some like to explore novel approaches. It is tempting to think that herein lies an epistemic division of labor conducive to overall scientific progress: the latter point the way to fruitful areas of research, and the former more fully explore those areas. Weisberg and Muldoon’s model, however, suggests that it would be best if all scientists explored novel approaches. I argue that this is due to implausible modeling choices, and (...)
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  3.  42
    In Defence of Revealed Preference Theory.Johanna Thoma - 2021 - Economics and Philosophy 37 (2):163-187.
    This paper defends revealed preference theory against a pervasive line of criticism, according to which revealed preference methodology relies on appealing to some mental states, in particular an agent’s beliefs, rendering the project incoherent or unmotivated. I argue that all that is established by these arguments is that revealed preference theorists must accept a limited mentalism in their account of the options an agent should be modelled as choosing between. This is consistent both with an essentially behavioural interpretation of preference (...)
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  4.  6
    Social Capital, Social Identities: From Ownership to Belonging.Dieter Thomä, Christoph Henning & Hans Bernhard Schmid (eds.) - 2014 - De Gruyter.
  5.  92
    On the possibility of an anti-paternalist behavioural welfare economics.Johanna Thoma - 2021 - Journal of Economic Methodology 28 (4):350-363.
    Behavioural economics has taught us that human agents don't always display consistent, context-independent and stable preferences in their choice behaviour. Can we nevertheless do welfare economics...
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  6. Risk aversion and the long run.Johanna Thoma - 2018 - Ethics 129 (2):230-253.
    This article argues that Lara Buchak’s risk-weighted expected utility (REU) theory fails to offer a true alternative to expected utility theory. Under commonly held assumptions about dynamic choice and the framing of decision problems, rational agents are guided by their attitudes to temporally extended courses of action. If so, REU theory makes approximately the same recommendations as expected utility theory. Being more permissive about dynamic choice or framing, however, undermines the theory’s claim to capturing a steady choice disposition in the (...)
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  7. Instrumental Rationality Without Separability.Johanna Thoma - 2020 - Erkenntnis 85 (5):1219-1240.
    This paper argues that instrumental rationality is more permissive than expected utility theory. The most compelling instrumentalist argument in favour of separability, its core requirement, is that agents with non-separable preferences end up badly off by their own lights in some dynamic choice problems. I argue that once we focus on the question of whether agents’ attitudes to uncertain prospects help define their ends in their own right, or instead only assign instrumental value in virtue of the outcomes they may (...)
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  8.  17
    Risk writ large.Johanna Thoma & Jonathan Weisberg - 2017 - Philosophical Studies 174 (9):2369-2384.
    Risk-weighted expected utility theory is motivated by small-world problems like the Allais paradox, but it is a grand-world theory by nature. And, at the grand-world level, its ability to handle the Allais paradox is dubious. The REU model described in Risk and Rationality turns out to be risk-seeking rather than risk-averse on one natural way of formulating the Allais gambles in the grand-world context. This result illustrates a general problem with the case for REU theory, we argue. There is a (...)
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  9. Decision Theory.Johanna Thoma - 2019 - In Richard Pettigrew & Jonathan Weisberg (eds.), The Open Handbook of Formal Epistemology. PhilPapers Foundation. pp. 57-106.
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  10.  7
    On the Hidden Thought Experiments of Economic Theory.Johanna Thoma - 2016 - Philosophy of the Social Sciences 46 (2):129-146.
    Most papers in theoretical economics contain thought experiments. They take the form of more informal bits of reasoning that precede the presentation of the formal, mathematical models these papers are known for. These thought experiments differ from the formal models in various ways. In particular, they do not invoke the same idealized assumptions about the rationality, knowledge, and preferences of agents. The presence of thought experiments in papers that present formal models, and the fact that they differ from the formal (...)
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  11. Temptation and preference-based instrumental rationality.Johanna Thoma - 2018 - In José Luis Bermúdez (ed.), Self-control, decision theory and rationality. Cambridge University Press.
    In the dynamic choice literature, temptations are usually understood as temporary shifts in an agent’s preferences. What has been puzzling about these cases is that, on the one hand, an agent seems to do better by her own lights if she does not give into the temptation, and does so without engaging in costly commitment strategies. This seems to indicate that it is instrumentally irrational for her to give into temptation. On the other hand, resisting temptation also requires her to (...)
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  12.  32
    Time for Caution.Johanna Thoma - 2021 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 50 (1):50-89.
    Precautionary principles are frequently appealed to both in public policy and in discussions of individual decision-making. They prescribe omission or reduction of an activity, or taking precautionary measures whenever potential harmful effects of the activity surpass some threshold of likelihood and severity. One crucial appeal of precautionary principles has been that they seem to help guard against procrastinating on confronting certain kinds of risk. I raise a challenge for precautionary principles serving as effective action-guiding tools to guard against (policy) inaction, (...)
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  13.  25
    Bargaining and the impartiality of the social contract.Johanna Thoma - 2015 - Philosophical Studies 172 (12):3335-3355.
    The question of what a group of rational agents would agree on were they to deliberate on how to organise society is central to all hypothetical social contract theories. If morality is to be based on a social contract, we need to know the terms of this contract. One type of social contract theory, contractarianism, aims to derive morality from rationality alone. Contractarians need to show, amongst other things, that rational and self-interested individuals would agree on an impartial division of (...)
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  14. Moral judgments and moral action.Stephen Thoma - 1994 - In James R. Rest & Darcia Narváez (eds.), Moral development in the professions: psychology and applied ethics. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum Associates. pp. 199--211.
     
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  15.  5
    German Concord, German Discord: Two Concepts of a Nation and the Challenge of Multiculturalism.Dieter Thomä - 1996 - European Journal of Philosophy 4 (3):348-368.
  16.  27
    Reply to Hausman.Johanna Thoma - 2024 - Economics and Philosophy 40 (1):226-227.
  17.  85
    Advice for the Steady: Decision Theory and the Requirements of Instrumental Rationality.Johanna Thoma - 2017 - Dissertation, University of Toronto
    Standard decision theory, or rational choice theory, is often interpreted to be a theory of instrumental rationality. This dissertation argues, however, that the core requirements of orthodox decision theory cannot be defended as general requirements of instrumental rationality. Instead, I argue that these requirements can only be instrumentally justified to agents who have a desire to have choice dispositions that are stable over time and across different choice contexts. Past attempts at making instrumentalist arguments for the core requirements of decision (...)
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  18.  19
    Judgementalism about normative decision theory.Johanna Thoma - 2021 - Synthese 198 (7):6767-6787.
    Judgementalism is an interpretation of normative decision theory according to which preferences are all-things-considered judgements of relative desirability, and the only attitudes that rationally constrain choice. The defence of judgementalism we find in Richard Bradley’s Decision Theory with a Human Face relies on a kind of internalism about the requirements of rationality, according to which they supervene on an agent’s mental states, and in particular those she can reason from. I argue that even if we grant such internalism, attitudes other (...)
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  19. Die gute Verfassung des menschlichen Lebens.Dieter Thomä - 1992 - Philosophische Rundschau 39 (4):309.
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  20. "das Gesprochene Wort Verliert Seinen Eigensinn". Die Spuren Der Sprach- Und Le..Dieter Thomä - 2006 - Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift für Literaturwissenschaft Und Geistesgeschichte 80 (3):456-487.
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  21.  3
    Die Zeit des Selbst und die Zeit danach: zur Kritik der Textgeschichte Martin Heideggers, 1910-1976.Dieter Thomä - 1990 - Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
    "In einen Toten tritt man ein wie in eine offene Stadt" - so beginnt Thomäs Heidegger-Interpretation, und darin wird zugleich ihr Anspruch deutlich. Wenn Heidegger selbst seine Werke "Wege" nennt, so geht es Thomä darum, dessen philosophische Entwicklung als ein Netz solcher Wege zu erschließen - und zugleich zu fragen, wo Heideggers Irrwege, Abwege oder Auswege einsetzen.
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  22.  13
    Emotion regulation through listening to music in everyday situations.Myriam V. Thoma, Stefan Ryf, Changiz Mohiyeddini, Ulrike Ehlert & Urs M. Nater - 2012 - Cognition and Emotion 26 (3):550-560.
    Music is a stimulus capable of triggering an array of basic and complex emotions. We investigated whether and how individuals employ music to induce specific emotional states in everyday situations for the purpose of emotion regulation. Furthermore, we wanted to examine whether specific emotion-regulation styles influence music selection in specific situations. Participants indicated how likely it would be that they would want to listen to various pieces of music (which are known to elicit specific emotions) in various emotional situations. Data (...)
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  23.  11
    How Cross-Linguistic Differences in the Grammaticalization of Future Time Reference Influence Intertemporal Choices.Dieter Thoma & Agnieszka E. Tytus - 2018 - Cognitive Science 42 (3):974-1000.
    According to Chen's Linguistic Savings Hypothesis, our native language affects our economic behavior. We present three studies investigating how cross-linguistic differences in the grammaticalization of future-time reference affect intertemporal choices. In a series of decision scenarios about finance and health issues, we let speakers of altogether five languages that represent FTR with increasing strength, that is, Chinese, German, Danish, Spanish, and English, choose between hypothetical sooner-smaller and later-larger reward options. While the LSH predicts a present-bias that increases with FTR-strength, our (...)
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  24.  7
    Cognitive Predictors of Precautionary Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Volker Thoma, Leonardo Weiss-Cohen, Petra Filkuková & Peter Ayton - 2021 - Frontiers in Psychology 12:589800.
    The attempts to mitigate the unprecedented health, economic, and social disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are largely dependent on establishing compliance to behavioral guidelines and rules that reduce the risk of infection. Here, by conducting an online survey that tested participants’ knowledge about the disease and measured demographic, attitudinal, and cognitive variables, we identify predictors of self-reported social distancing and hygiene behavior. To investigate the cognitive processes underlying health-prevention behavior in the pandemic, we co-opted the dual-process model of thinking (...)
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  25.  25
    Introduction.Richard Bradley & Johanna Thoma - forthcoming - Economics and Philosophy:1-1.
    As readers of this journal can attest to, although philosophers and economists are somewhat used to talking to and learning from each other, it tends to be the subset of philosophers working in decision theory, philosophy of science, and particular areas of ethics and political philosophy that contribute to our interdisciplinary field of research. The book that is the subject of this review symposium, Anna Mahtani’s The Objects of Credence (Oxford University Press, 2024), is a wonderful exemplar of what can (...)
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  26. Social Science, Policy and Democracy.Johanna Thoma - 2023 - Philosophy and Public Affairs 52 (1):5-41.
  27.  16
    Heidegger-Handbuch: Leben, Werk, Wirkung.Dieter Thomä, Katrin Meyer & Hans Bernhard Schmid (eds.) - 2003 - Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler.
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  28. Risk Imposition by Artificial Agents: The Moral Proxy Problem.Johanna Thoma - 2022 - In Silja Voeneky, Philipp Kellmeyer, Oliver Mueller & Wolfram Burgard (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Responsible Artificial Intelligence: Interdisciplinary Perspectives. Cambridge University Press.
    Where artificial agents are not liable to be ascribed true moral agency and responsibility in their own right, we can understand them as acting as proxies for human agents, as making decisions on their behalf. What I call the ‘Moral Proxy Problem’ arises because it is often not clear for whom a specific artificial agent is acting as a moral proxy. In particular, we need to decide whether artificial agents should be acting as proxies for low-level agents — e.g. individual (...)
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  29.  5
    Emotion regulation by attentional deployment moderates bilinguals’ language-dependent emotion differences.Dieter Thoma - forthcoming - Cognition and Emotion:1-15.
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  30.  1
    »Humankapital« und der Wert des Menschen.Dieter Thomä - 2015 - In Marcel Meier Kressig & Mathias Lindenau (eds.), Was Ist der Mensch?: Vier Ethische Betrachtungen. Vadian Lectures Band 1. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag. pp. 15-50.
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  31.  4
    13. Sein und Zeit im Rückblick. Heideggers Selbstkritik.Dieter Thomä - 2003 - In Thomas Rentsch (ed.), Martin Heidegger. Sein und Zeit. Peeters Press. pp. 263-278.
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  32.  2
    Zum Verhältnis von Theorie und Praxis der Psychoanalyse.Helmut Thomä, Horst Kächele & Julian Ch Kübler - 1985 - Analyse & Kritik 7 (1):3-25.
    According to psychoanalysis there is a relationship between gaining insight and therapeutic success. To clarify this relationship it is necessary to differentiate regions of psychoanalytic theory. On the one hand there are foundational theories - personality and aetiological theory - on the other hand there are technological theories: they explain the therapeutic process and generate rules for therapeutic intervention. The latter are supported by the former, but cannot be logically derived from them. The link between the mediation of self-knowledge and (...)
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  33.  12
    Into the Open: On Henri Maldiney's Philosophy of Psychosis.Samuel Thoma - 2019 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 26 (4):281-293.
    The philosophy of Henri Maldiney has played an important role in the evolution of French philosophy, especially its phenomenological strand. Maldiney's ideas have to a large extent developed from a close study of psychopathology. In this article, I present some of the key principles of Maldineyan thought, which has found little recognition to date in Anglophone philosophy and psychopathology. My main purpose is to explain the psychopathological and therapeutic implications of these principles. First, I make a few observations about Maldiney's (...)
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  34.  6
    No escape from Allais: reply to Buchak.Johanna Thoma & Jonathan Weisberg - 2020 - Philosophical Studies 177 (9):2493-2500.
    In Risk and Rationality, Lara Buchak advertised REU theory as able to recover the modal preferences in the Allais paradox. But we pointed out that REU theory only applies in the “grand world” setting, where it actually struggles with the modal Allais preferences. Buchak offers two replies. Here we enumerate technical and philosophical problems they face.
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  35.  16
    Folk Psychology and the Interpretation of Decision Theory.Johanna Thoma - 2020 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 7.
    Most philosophical decision theorists and philosophers of the social sciences believe that decision theory is and should be in the business of providing folk psychological explanations of choice behaviour, and that it can only do so if we understand the preferences, utilities and probabilities that feature in decision-theoretic models as ascriptions of mental states not reducible to choice. The behavioural interpretation of preference and related concepts, still common in economics, is consequently cast as misguided. This paper argues that even those (...)
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  36.  2
    Negotiating with myself.Johanna Thoma - 2016 - LSE Philosophy Blog.
    Can the concept of “temporal selves” help us understand temptation and restraint? Johanna Thoma on self-negotiation.
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  37.  11
    Jeroen Van Bouwel, ed. 2009. The Social Sciences and Democracy (Johanna Thoma). [REVIEW]Johanna Thoma - 2012 - Theoria: Revista de Teoría, Historia y Fundamentos de la Ciencia 27 (2):247-251.
  38.  2
    Das gestohlene Exil.Dieter Thomä - 1992 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 40 (6):622-626.
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  39.  2
    Das Selbe und das Wahrste.Dieter Thomä - 2015 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 63 (2).
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  40.  2
    Jeder ist sich selbst der fernste. Zum zusammenhang zwischen personaler identität und moral bei Nietzsche und Emerson.Dieter Thomä - 2007 - Nietzsche Studien 36 (1):329-356.
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  41.  3
    Multikulturalismus, Demokratie, Nation Zur Philosophie der deutschen Einheit.Dieter Thomä - 1995 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 43 (2):349-364.
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  42.  4
    Schwerpunkt Kontroversen Um Heideggers Weltlichkeit.Dieter Thomä - 1997 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 45 (4):529-530.
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  43.  3
    Schwierigkeiten mit dem Müssen Überlegungen anläßlich der These von Charles Taylor, das Leben müsse als Geschichte gelebt werden.Dieter Thomä - 1996 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 44 (4):635-654.
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  44. Temptation and preference-based instrumental rationality.Johanna Thoma - 2018 - In José Luis Bermúdez (ed.), Self-control, decision theory and rationality. Cambridge University Press.
    In the dynamic choice literature, temptations are usually understood as temporary shifts in an agent’s preferences. What has been puzzling about these cases is that, on the one hand, an agent seems to do better by her own lights if she does not give into the temptation, and does so without engaging in costly commitment strategies. This seems to indicate that it is instrumentally irrational for her to give into temptation. On the other hand, resisting temptation also requires her to (...)
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  45.  2
    Tugendhat, der Prinz und die Moral.Dieter Thomä - 1994 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 42 (1):35-58.
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  46.  2
    Was heißt „Verantwortung des Denkens“? Systematische Überlegungen mit Berücksichtigung Martin Heideggers.Dieter Thomä - 1997 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 45 (4):559-572.
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  47.  10
    Assessing Ethical Reasoning among Junior British Army Officers Using the Army Intermediate Concept Measure (AICM).David I. Walker, Stephen J. Thoma & James Arthur - 2021 - Journal of Military Ethics 20 (1):2-20.
    Army Officers face increased moral pressure in modern warfare, where character judgement and ethical judgement are vital. This article reports the results of a study of 242 junior British Army officers using the Army Intermediate Concept Measure, comprising a series of professionally oriented moral dilemmas developed for the UK context. Results are suggestive of appropriate application of Army values to the dilemmas and of ethical reasoning aligning with Army excellence. The sample does slightly less well, however, for justification than for (...)
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  48. Passion lost, passion regained : how Arendt's anthropology intersects with Adorno's theory of the subject.Dieter Thomä - 2012 - In Lars Rensmann & Samir Gandesha (eds.), Arendt and Adorno: political and philosophical investigations. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
  49.  4
    Aufbruch an den Rand der Philosophie: Kommentar zur Urfassung von Heideggers Was ist Metaphysik?Dieter Thomä - 2018 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 66 (1):98-111.
    Name der Zeitschrift: Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie Jahrgang: 66 Heft: 1 Seiten: 98-111.
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  50.  3
    Die Anfänge der Liebe zur Welt.Dieter Thomä - 2004 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 52 (3):497.
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