Results for 'Alexander Gillett'

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  1. How navigation systems transform epistemic virtues: Knowledge, issues and solutions.Alexander Gillett & Richard Heersmink - 2019 - Cognitive Systems Research 56 (56):36-49.
    In this paper, we analyse how GPS-based navigation systems are transforming some of our intellectual virtues and then suggest two strategies to improve our practices regarding the use of such epistemic tools. We start by outlining the two main approaches in virtue epistemology, namely virtue reliabilism and virtue responsibilism. We then discuss how navigation systems can undermine five epistemic virtues, namely memory, perception, attention, intellectual autonomy, and intellectual carefulness. We end by considering two possible interlinked ways of trying to remedy (...)
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  2.  46
    The Tools of Enculturation.Richard Menary & Alexander Gillett - 2022 - Topics in Cognitive Science 14 (2):363-387.
    Topics in Cognitive Science, Volume 14, Issue 2, Page 363-387, April 2022.
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  3. Every step you take, we’ll be watching you: nudging and the ramifications of GPS technology.William Hebblewhite & Alexander James Gillett - 2020 - AI and Society.
  4.  34
    Development, Resilience Engineering, Degeneracy, and Cognitive Practices.Alexander James Gillett - 2022 - Review of Philosophy and Psychology 13 (3):645-664.
    Drawing on a range of literature, I introduce two new concepts for understanding and exploring distributed cognition: resilience engineering and degeneracy. By re-examining Ed Hutchins’ (1995) ethnographic study of the navigation team I show how a focus on the developmental acquisition of cognitive practices can draw out several crucial insights that have been overlooked. Firstly, that the way in which agents learn and acquire cognitive practices enables a form of resilience engineering: the process by which the system is able to (...)
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  5. Embodying Culture.Richard Menary & Alexander Gillett - 2016 - In Julian Kiverstein (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of the Social Mind. New York: Routledge. pp. 72-87.
    The Cognitive Integration (henceforth CI) framework posits the existence of integrated cognitive systems (henceforth ICS). In this chapter we outline the nature of ICS and their phylogenetic history. We shall argue that phylogenetically earlier forms of cognition are built upon by more recent cultural innovations. Many of the phylogenetically earlier components are forms of sensorimotor interactions with the environment (Menary 2007a, 2010a, 2016). These sensorimotor interactions are redeployed (or retrained) to service more recent cultural innovations (Dehaene & Cohen 2007). The (...)
     
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  6.  6
    Measurement validity and the integrative approach.Wendy C. Higgins, Alexander J. Gillett, Eliane Deschrijver & Robert M. Ross - 2024 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 47:e46.
    Almaatouq et al. propose a novel integrative approach to experiments. We provide three examples of how unaddressed measurement issues threaten the feasibility of the approach and its promise of promoting commensurability and knowledge integration.
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  7.  24
    Markov blankets do not demarcate the boundaries of the mind.Richard Menary & Alexander J. Gillett - 2022 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 45:e201.
    We agree with Bruineberg and colleagues' main claims. However, we urge for a more forceful critique by focusing on the extended mind debate. We argue that even once the Pearl and Friston versions of the Markov blanket have been untangled, that neither is sufficient for tackling and resolving the question of demarcating the boundaries of the mind.
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  8. Samuel Alexander’s Emergentism: Or, Higher Causation for Physicalists.Carl Gillett - 2006 - Synthese 153 (2):261-296.
    Samuel Alexander was one of the foremost philosophical figures of his day and has been argued by John Passmore to be one of ‘fathers’ of Australian philosophy as well as a novel kind of physicalist. Yet Alexander is now relatively neglected, his role in the genesis of Australian philosophy if far from widely accepted and the standard interpretation takes him to be an anti-physicalist. In this paper, I carefully examine these issues and show that Alexander has been (...)
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  9.  15
    Hubert Griggs Alexander, 1909-1998.Fred Gillette Sturm - 2001 - Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 74 (5):225 -.
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  10.  10
    Micro-latency, Holism and Emergence.Alexander Carruth - 2022 - In Shyam Wuppuluri & Ian Stewart (eds.), From Electrons to Elephants and Elections: Exploring the Role of Content and Context. Springer Nature. pp. 175-194.
    Drawing on resources from debates concerning the metaphysics of powers, this essay introduces a novel approach to the relationship between the more- and less-complex. Flat Holism preserves some key reductionist commitments, as it involves no radical ontological novelty, for instance, and is consistent with a one- or no-level ontology. It also, however, adopts the emergentist idea that the whole or context plays a crucial, metaphysically determinative role. The commitments of Flat Holism are explored and delimited through comparison with two ‘nearby (...)
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  11.  86
    Instrumental Biology, or the Disunity of Science.Alexander Rosenberg - 1994 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Do the sciences aim to uncover the structure of nature, or are they ultimately a practical means of controlling our environment? In Instrumental Biology, or the Disunity of Science, Alexander Rosenberg argues that while physics and chemistry can develop laws that reveal the structure of natural phenomena, biology is fated to be a practical, instrumental discipline. Because of the complexity produced by natural selection, and because of the limits on human cognition, scientists are prevented from uncovering the basic structure (...)
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  12. Economics: mathematical politics or science of diminishing returns?Alexander Rosenberg - 1992 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Economics today cannot predict the likely outcome of specific events any better than it could in the time of Adam Smith. This is Alexander Rosenberg's controversial challenge to the scientific status of economics. Rosenberg explains that the defining characteristic of any science is predictive improvability--the capacity to create more precise forecasts by evaluating the success of earlier predictions--and he forcefully argues that because economics has not been able to increase its predictive power for over two centuries, it is not (...)
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  13.  93
    Only a Promise of Happiness: The Place of Beauty in a World of Art.Alexander Nehamas - 2007 - Princeton University Press.
    Neither art nor philosophy was kind to beauty during the twentieth century. Much modern art disdains beauty, and many philosophers deeply suspect that beauty merely paints over or distracts us from horrors. Intellectuals consigned the passions of beauty to the margins, replacing them with the anemic and rarefied alternative, "aesthetic pleasure." In Only a Promise of Happiness, Alexander Nehamas reclaims beauty from its critics. He seeks to restore its place in art, to reestablish the connections among art, beauty, and (...)
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  14.  26
    The Art of Living: Socratic Reflections From Plato to Foucault.Alexander Nehamas - 1998 - University of California Press.
    For much of its history, philosophy was not merely a theoretical discipline but a way of life, an "art of living." This practical aspect of philosophy has been much less dominant in modernity than it was in ancient Greece and Rome, when philosophers of all stripes kept returning to Socrates as a model for living. The idea of philosophy as an art of living has survived in the works of such major modern authors as Montaigne, Nietzsche, and Foucault. Each of (...)
  15. Anarchy is what states make of it: the social construction of power politics.Alexander Wendt - 2000 - In Andrew Linklater (ed.), International Relations: Critical Concepts in Political Science. Routledge. pp. 6.
  16. Darwinian reductionism, or, How to stop worrying and love molecular biology.Alexander Rosenberg - 2006 - Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    After the discovery of the structure of DNA in 1953, scientists working in molecular biology embraced reductionism—the theory that all complex systems can be understood in terms of their components. Reductionism, however, has been widely resisted by both nonmolecular biologists and scientists working outside the field of biology. Many of these antireductionists, nevertheless, embrace the notion of physicalism—the idea that all biological processes are physical in nature. How, Alexander Rosenberg asks, can these self-proclaimed physicalists also be antireductionists? With clarity (...)
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  17. Philosophy of social science.Alexander Rosenberg - 1988 - Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.
    This is an expanded and thoroughly revised edition of the widely adopted introduction to the philosophical foundations of the human sciences. Ranging from cultural anthropology to mathematical economics, Alexander Rosenberg leads the reader through behaviorism, naturalism, interpretativism about human action, and macrosocial scientific perspectives, illuminating the motivation and strategy of each.Rewritten throughout to increase accessibility, this new edition retains the remarkable achievement of revealing the social sciences’ enduring relation to the fundamental problems of philosophy. It includes new discussions of (...)
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  18.  69
    The Emotions and the Will.Alexander Bain - 1859 - D. Appelton.
    ' But, although such a being (a purely intellectual being) might perhaps be conceived to exist, and although, in studying our internal frame, ...
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  19.  61
    Infinity, Causation, and Paradox.Alexander R. Pruss - 2018 - Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
    Alexander R. Pruss examines a large family of paradoxes to do with infinity - ranging from deterministic supertasks to infinite lotteries and decision theory. Having identified their common structure, Pruss considers at length how these paradoxes can be resolved by embracing causal finitism.
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  20.  95
    Computational Models of Performance Monitoring and Cognitive Control.William H. Alexander & Joshua W. Brown - 2010 - Topics in Cognitive Science 2 (4):658-677.
    The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been the subject of intense interest as a locus of cognitive control. Several computational models have been proposed to account for a range of effects, including error detection, conflict monitoring, error likelihood prediction, and numerous other effects observed with single-unit neurophysiology, fMRI, and lesion studies. Here, we review the state of computational models of cognitive control and offer a new theoretical synthesis of the mPFC as signaling response–outcome predictions. This new synthesis has two interacting (...)
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  21. Events in semantics.Alexander Williams - 2021 - In Piotr Stalmaszczyk (ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of the Philosophy of Language. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  22.  10
    Logic.Alexander Bain - 2013 - Hardpress Publishing.
    Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.
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  23. The Postulated Author: Critical Monism as a Regulative Ideal.Alexander Nehamas - 1981 - Critical Inquiry 8 (1):133-149.
    The aim of interpretation is to capture the past in the future: to capture, not to recapture, first, because the iterative prefix suggests that meaning, which was once manifest, must now be found again. But the postulated author dispenses with this assumption. Literary texts are produced by very complicated actions, while the significance of even our simplest acts is often far from clear. Parts of the meaning of a text may become clear only because of developments occurring long after its (...)
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  24.  51
    Quantum logic and probability theory.Alexander Wilce - 2008 - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
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  25. The Ultimate Argument Against Armstrong’s Contingent Necessitation View of Laws.Alexander Bird - 2005 - Analysis 65 (2):147-55.
    I show that Armstrong’s view of laws as second-order contingent relations of ‘necessitation’ among categorical properties faces a dilemma. The necessitation relation confers a relation of extensional inclusion (‘constant conjunction’) on its relata. It does so either necessarily or contingently. If necessarily, it is not a categorical relation (in the relevant sense). If contingently, then an explanation is required of how it confers extensional inclusion. That explanation will need to appeal to a third-order relation between necessitation and extensional inclusion. The (...)
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  26.  19
    On the Common Universal Things.Alexander of Aphrodisias & Ilyas Altuner - 2020 - Entelekya Logico-Metaphysical Review 4 (2):113-118.
    Alexander's views on universals are, it seems, quite important in the history of western philosophy. When Boethius gives in his second commentary on Porphyry's Isagoge his solution to the problem of universals as he conceived it, he claims to be adopting Alexander's approach. If true, this means that the locus classicus for all western medieval thinkers on this topic is really a rendering of Alexander's teaching. Alexander commented Aristotle’s statement in his On the Soul “The universal (...)
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  27. Naturalizing Kuhn.Alexander Bird - 2005 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 105 (1):99-117.
    I argue that the naturalism of Thomas Kuhn's "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions," which he himself later ignored, is worthy of rehabilitation. A naturalistic conception of paradigms is ripe for development with the tools of cognitive science. As a consequence a naturalistic understanding of world-change and incommensurability is also viable.
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  28.  26
    How we Think About Human Nature: Cognitive Errors and Concrete Remedies.Alexander J. Werth & Douglas Allchin - 2021 - Foundations of Science 26 (4):825-846.
    Appeals to human nature are ubiquitous, yet historically many have proven ill-founded. Why? How might frequent errors be remedied towards building a more robust and reliable scientific study of human nature? Our aim is neither to advance specific scientific or philosophical claims about human nature, nor to proscribe or eliminate such claims. Rather, we articulate through examples the types of errors that frequently arise in this field, towards improving the rigor of the scientific and social studies. We seek to analyze (...)
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  29. Events in semantics.Alexander Williams - 2021 - In Piotr Stalmaszczyk (ed.), Cambridge Handbook of the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge University Press.
     
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  30. Bergson's vitalism in the light of modern biology.Maria de Issekutz Wolsky, Alexander A. Wolsky, F. Burwick & P. Douglass - 1992 - In Frederick Burwick & Paul Douglass (eds.), The Crisis in modernism: Bergson and the vitalist controversy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
     
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  31. A view from somewhere: Explaining the paradigms of educational research.Hanan A. Alexander - 2006 - Journal of Philosophy of Education 40 (2):205–221.
    In this paper I ask how educational researchers can believe the subjective perceptions of qualitative participant-observers given the concern for objectivity and generalisability of experimental research in the behavioural and social sciences. I critique the most common answer to this question within the educational research community, which posits the existence of two (or more) equally legitimate epistemological paradigms—positivism and constructivism—and offer an alternative that places a priority in educational research on understanding the purposes and meanings humans attribute to educational practices. (...)
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  32.  26
    The Nature of Children's Well-being: Theory and Practice.Alexander Bagattini & Colin Macleod (eds.) - 2014 - Springer.
    This book presents new findings that deal with different facets of the well-being of children and their relevance to the proper treatment of children. The well-being of children is considered against the background of a wide variety of legal, political, medical, educational and familial perspectives. The book addresses diverse issues from a range of disciplinary perspectives using a variety of methods. It has three major sections with the essays in each section loosely organized about a common general theme. The first (...)
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  33. On washing the fur without wetting it: Quine, Carnap, and analyticity.Alexander George - 2000 - Mind 109 (433):1-24.
    Despite its centrality and its familiarity, W. V. Quine's dispute with Rudolf Carnap over the analytic/synthetic distinction has lacked a satisfactory analysis. The impasse is usually explained either by judging that Quine's arguments are in reality quite weak, or by concluding instead that Carnap was incapable of appreciating their strength. This is unsatisfactory, as is the fact that on these readings it is usually unclear why Quine's own position is not subject to some of the very same arguments. A satisfying (...)
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  34.  14
    V *-naturalizing Kuhn.Alexander Bird - 2005 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 105 (1):99-117.
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  35. The role of symbolic presentation in Kant's theory of taste.Alexander Rueger & Sahan Evren - 2005 - British Journal of Aesthetics 45 (3):229-247.
    Beauty, or at least natural beauty, is famously a symbol of the morally good in Kant's theory of taste. Natural beauty is also, we argue, a symbol of the systematicity of nature. This symbolic connection of beauty and systematicity in nature sheds light on the relation between the principles underlying the use of reflecting judgement. The connection also motivates a more general interpretive proposal: the fact that the imagination can symbolize ideas plays a crucial role in the theory of taste; (...)
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  36.  50
    Techno-Optimism and Rational Superstition.Alexander Wilson - 2017 - Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 21 (2/3):342-362.
    This article examines some of the implications of technological optimism. I first contextualize, historically and culturally, some contemporary variants of techno-optimism in relation to the equally significant contemporary exemplars of techno-pessimism, skepticism and fatalism. I show that this techno-optimism is often instrumentalized in the sense that the optimistic outlook as such is believed to have some influence on the evolving state of affairs. The cogency of this assumption is scrutinized. I argue that in the absence of explicit probabilities, such optimism (...)
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  37.  53
    John Stuart Mill: A Criticism with Personal Recollections.Alexander Bain - 1882 - New York,: Longmans, Green / Thoemmes.
    In this volume his object is to fully examine his friend's writings and characters and draws upon his own personal recollections to do so.
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  38. Naturalizing Kuhn.Alexander Bird - 2005 - Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 105 (1):99–117.
    I argue that the naturalism of Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, which he himself later ignored, is worthy of rehabilitation. A naturalistic conception of paradigms is ripe for development with the tools of cognitive science. As a consequence a naturalistic understanding of world-change and incommensurability is also viable.
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  39. Moses Mendelssohn: A Biographical Study.Alexander Altmann - 1976 - Religious Studies 12 (2):255-258.
     
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  40.  80
    Further antidotes: A response to Gundersen.Alexander Bird - 2000 - Philosophical Quarterly 50 (199):229-233.
    In my 'Dispositions and Antidotes', The Philosophical Quarterly, 48 (1998), I raise an objection to the conditional analysis of dispositions, both in its simple formulation and in a more sophisticated version due to David Lewis, The Philosophical Quarterly, 47 (1997). The objection suggests that a disposition may be continuously present and the appropriate stimulus occur without the manifestation occurring, because some outside influence, an antidote, interferes. Gundersen in The Philosophical Quarterly, 50 (2000), argues that my objection rests on an equivocation (...)
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  41.  1
    The Prime Imperatives: Priorities in Education.Alexander Israel Wittenberg - 1968 - Clarke, Irwin.
  42. Horwich, Meaning and Kripke’s Wittgenstein.Alexander Miller - 2000 - Philosophical Quarterly 50 (199):161-174.
    Paul Horwich has argued that Kripke's Wittgenstein's 'sceptical challenge' to the notion of meaning and rule-following only gets going if an 'inflationary' conception of truth is presupposed, and he develops a 'use-theoretic' conception of meaning which he claims is immune to Kripke's Wittgenstein's sceptical attack. I argue that even if we grant Horwich his 'deflationary' conception of truth, that is not enough to undermine Kripke's Wittgenstein's sceptical argument. Moreover, Horwich's own 'use-theoretic' account of meaning actually falls prey to that sceptical (...)
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  43.  90
    Horwich, meaning and Kripke's Wittgenstein.Alexander Miller - 2000 - Philosophical Quarterly 50 (199):161-174.
    Paul Horwich has argued that Kripke's Wittgenstein's 'sceptical challenge' to the notion of meaning and rule-following only gets going if an 'inflationary' conception of truth is presupposed, and he develops a 'use-theoretic' conception of meaning which he claims is immune to Kripke's Wittgenstein's sceptical attack. I argue that even if we grant Horwich his 'deflationary' conception of truth, that is not enough to undermine Kripke's Wittgenstein's sceptical argument. Moreover, Horwich's own 'use-theoretic' account of meaning actually falls prey to that sceptical (...)
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  44.  11
    LOGIC.Alexander Bain - 2016 - New York, NY, USA: D. Appleton and Company.
  45.  74
    Mathematics and mind.Alexander George (ed.) - 1994 - New York: Oxford University Press.
    Those inquiring into the nature of mind have long been interested in the foundations of mathematics, and conversely this branch of knowledge is distinctive in that our access to it is purely through thought. A better understanding of mathematical thought should clarify the conceptual foundations of mathematics, and a deeper grasp of the latter should in turn illuminate the powers of mind through which mathematics is made available to us. The link between conceptions of mind and of mathematics has been (...)
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  46.  46
    Four and a Half Axioms for Finite-Dimensional Quantum Probability.Alexander Wilce - 2012 - In Yemima Ben-Menahem & Meir Hemmo (eds.), Probability in Physics. Springer. pp. 281--298.
    It is an old idea, lately out of fashion but now experiencing a revival, that quantum mechanics may best be understood, not as a physical theory with a problematic probabilistic interpretation, but as something closer to a probability calculus per se. However, from this angle, the rather special C *-algebraic apparatus of quantum probability theory stands in need of further motivation. One would like to find additional principles, having clear physical and/or probabilistic content, on the basis of which this apparatus (...)
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  47.  74
    Boghossian on reductive dispositionalism about content: The case strengthened.Alexander Miller - 1997 - Mind and Language 12 (1):1-10.
    Paul Boghossian has recently argued against reductive dispositionalism concerning mental content. However, there is a powerful version of reductive dispositionalism—based on work by Ramsey and Lewis—that Boghossian does not consider. In this paper I argue that Boghossian's arguments can be adapted to apply even to this stronger version of reductionism.
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  48.  20
    How unknown was Mendel's paper?Alexander Weinstein - 1977 - Journal of the History of Biology 10 (2):341-364.
  49.  87
    The subtraction argument(s).Alexander Paseau - 2006 - Dialectica 60 (2):145–156.
    The subtraction argument aims to show that there is an empty world, in the sense of a possible world with no concrete objects. The argument has been endorsed by several philosophers. I show that there are currently two versions of the argument around, and that only one of them is valid. I then sketch the main problem for the valid version of the argument.
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  50. ?Only in the contemplation of beauty is human life worth living? Plato, symposium 211d.Alexander Nehamas - 2007 - European Journal of Philosophy 15 (1):1–18.
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