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  1. H. A. Abramson (ed.) (1952). Problems of Consciousness: Transactions of the Third Conference. Josiah Macy Foundation.
  2. Bernard J. Baars (1995). Surprisingly Small Subcortical Structures Are Needed for the State of Waking Consciousness, While Cortical Projection Areas Seem to Provide Perceptual Contents of Consciousness. Consciousness and Cognition 4 (2):159-62.
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  3. Katalin Balog (2007). Comments on Ned Block's Target Article “Consciousness, Accessibility, and the Mesh Between Psychology and Neuroscience”. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (4):499-500.
    Block argues that relevant data in psychology and neuroscience shows that access consciousness is not constitutively necessary for phenomenality. However, a phenomenal state can be access conscious in two radically different ways. Its content can be access conscious, or its phenomenality can be access conscious. I’ll argue that while Block’s thesis is right when it is formulated in terms of the first notion of access consciousness, there is an alternative hypothesis about the relationship between phenomenality and access in terms of (...)
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  4. R. Bauer (2004). In Search of a Neural Signature of Consciousness: Facts, Hypotheses, and Proposals. Synthese 141 (2):233-45.
    Evolution leads to more and more complex structures, e.g., molecules, cells and organisms. By means of such structures elementary dynamic bio-electrical fields originate in single cells. They further develop into neurons with neuronal fields, and these combine and integrate in brains into global neuro-electrical fields (NEF) as a medium for the fast representation of outer stimuli. The present hypothesis proposes a specific state of the global NEF in brains as the signature of consciousness. This NEF changes periodically between two states, (...)
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  5. Cristina Becchio & Cesare Bertone (2005). Beyond Cartesian Subjectivism: Neural Correlates of Shared Intentionality. Journal of Consciousness Studies 12 (7):20-30.
    In the present paper we present a short review of some recent neuro- physiological and neuropsychological findings which suggest that self-generated actions and actions of others are mapped on the same neural substratum. Since this substratum is neutral with respect to the agent, correctly attributing an action to its proper author requires the co-activation of areas specific to the self and the other. A conceptual analysis of the empirical data will lead us to conclude that from a neurobiological point of (...)
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  6. F. Blankenburg, C. C. Ruff, R. Deichmann, G. Rees & J. Driver (2006). The Cutaneous Rabbit Illusion Affects Human Primary Sensory Cortex Somatotopically. PLoS Biology 4 (3):e69.
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  7. Richard Brown (2012). Editorial: Standing on the Verge: Lessons and Limits From the Empirical Study of Consciousness. Consciousness and Cognition 21 (2):597-599.
    The papers in this special issue are all descended from papers presented at the second Online Consciousness Conference. I founded the Online Consciousness Conference at Consciousness Online (http://consciousnessonline.wordpress.com) in 2008 mostly because no one else would. Being inspired by the Online Philosophy Conference, I mentioned to several people that it would be great if we had something like that in Consciousness Studies. People I talked to were very enthusiastic but no one seemed like they wanted to initiate the process. I (...)
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  8. Richard Brown (2006). What is a Brain State? Philosophical Psychology 19 (6):729-742.
    Philosophers have been talking about brain states for almost 50 years and as of yet no one has articulated a theoretical account of what one is. In fact this issue has received almost no attention and cognitive scientists still use meaningless phrases like 'C-fiber firing' and 'neuronal activity' when theorizing about the relation of the mind to the brain. To date when theorists do discuss brain states they usually do so in the context of making some other argument with the (...)
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  9. John T. Cacioppo, Penny S. Visser & Cynthia L. Pickett (eds.) (2006). Social Neuroscience: People Thinking About Thinking People. MIT Press.
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  10. A. M. L. Coenen (1998). Neuronal Phenomena Associated with Vigilance and Consciousness: From Cellular Mechanisms to Electroencephalographic Patterns. Consciousness and Cognition 7 (1):42-53.
    The neuroanatomical substrates controlling and regulating sleeping and waking, and thus consciousness, are located in the brain stem. Most crucial for bringing the brain into a state conducive for consciousness and information processing is the mesencephalic part of the brain stem. This part controls the state of waking, which is generally associated with a high degree of consciousness. Wakefulness is accompanied by a low-amplitude, high-frequency electroencephalogram, due to the fact that thalamocortical neurons fire in a state of tonic depolarization. Information (...)
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  11. Daniel Collerton & Elaine Perry (2007). Do Multiple Cortical-Subcortical Interactions Support Different Aspects of Consciousness? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (1):88-89.
    Merker's core idea, that the experience of being conscious reflects the interactions of actions, targets, and motivations in the upper brainstem, with cortex providing the content of the conscious experience, merits serious consideration. However, we have two areas of concern: first, that his definition of consciousness is so broad that it is difficult to find any organisms with a brain that could be non-conscious; second, that the focus on one cortical–subcortical system neglects other systems (e.g., basal forebrain and brainstem cholinergic (...)
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  12. O. D. Creutzfeld & John C. Eccles (eds.) (1988). The Brain and Conscious Experience. Pontifical Academy.
  13. Sander M. Daselaar, Mathias S. Fleck, Steven E. Prince & Roberto Cabeza (2006). The Medial Temporal Lobe Distinguishes Old From New Independently of Consciousness. Journal of Neuroscience 26 (21):5835-5839.
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  14. Antoine Del Cul, Sylvain Baillet & Stanislas Dehaene (2007). Brain Dynamics Underlying the Nonlinear Threshold for Access to Consciousness. Public Library of Science, Biology 5 (10):e260.
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  15. J. F. Delafresnaye (ed.) (1954). Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness. Blackwell.
  16. Eric Dietrich & Valerie Gray Hardcastle (2004). Sisyphus's Boulder: Consciousness and the Limits of the Knowable. John Benjamins.
    In Sisyphus's Boulder, Eric Dietrich and Valerie Hardcastle argue that we will never get such a theory because consciousness has an essential property that...
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  17. S. J. Dimond (1976). Brain Circuits for Consciousness. Brain, Behavior, and Evolution 13:376-95.
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  18. Emrah Duzel, Andrew P. Yonelinas, G. R. Mangun, H. J. Heinze & Endel Tulving (1997). Event-Related Brain Potential Correlates of Two States of Conscious Awareness in Memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 94:5973-8.
  19. Alexander A. Fingelkurts & Andrew A. Fingelkurts (2009). Is Our Brain Hardwired to Produce God, or is Our Brain Hardwired to Perceive God? A Systematic Review on the Role of the Brain in Mediating Religious Experience. Cognitive Processing 10 (4):293-326.
    To figure out whether the main empirical question “Is our brain hardwired to believe in and produce God, or is our brain hardwired to perceive and experience God?” is answered, this paper presents systematic critical review of the positions, arguments and controversies of each side of the neuroscientific-theological debate and puts forward an integral view where the human is seen as a psycho-somatic entity consisting of the multiple levels and dimensions of human existence (physical, biological, psychological, and spiritual reality), allowing (...)
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  20. Alexander A. Fingelkurts, Andrew A. Fingelkurts, Sergio Bagnato, Cristina Boccagni & Giuseppe Galardi (2013). The Value of Spontaneous EEG Oscillations in Distinguishing Patients in Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States. In Eror Basar & et all (eds.), Application of Brain Oscillations in Neuropsychiatric Diseases. Supplements to Clinical Neurophysiology. Elsevier.
    Objective: The value of spontaneous EEG oscillations in distinguishing patients in vegetative and minimally conscious states was studied. Methods: We quantified dynamic repertoire of EEG oscillations in resting condition with closed eyes in patients in vegetative and minimally conscious states (VS and MCS). The exact composition of EEG oscillations was assessed by the probability-classification analysis of short-term EEG spectral patterns. Results: The probability of delta, theta and slow-alpha oscillations occurrence was smaller for patients in MCS than for VS. Additionally, only (...)
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  21. Andrew A. Fingelkurts & Alexander A. Fingelkurts (2013). Dissipative Many-Body Model and a Nested Operational Architectonics of the Brain. Physics of Life Reviews 10:103-105.
    This paper briefly review a current trend in neuroscience aiming to combine neurophysiological and physical concepts in order to understand the emergence of spatio-temporal patterns within brain activity by which brain constructs knowledge from multiple streams of information. The authors further suggest that the meanings, which subjectively are experienced as thoughts or perceptions can best be described objectively as created and carried by large fields of neural activity within the operational architectonics of brain functioning.
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  22. Andrew A. Fingelkurts & Alexander A. Fingelkurts (2012). Mind as a Nested Operational Architectonics of the Brain. Physics of Life Reviews 9 (1):49-50.
    The target paper of Dr. Feinberg is a testimony to an admirable scholarship and deep thoughtfulness. This paper develops a general theoretical framework of nested hierarchy in the brain that allows production of mind with consciousness. The difference between non-nested and nested hierarchies is the following. In a non-nested hierarchy the entities at higher levels of the hierarchy are physically independent from the entities at lower levels and there is strong constraint of higher upon lower levels. In a nested hierarchy, (...)
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  23. Andrew A. Fingelkurts & Alexander A. Fingelkurts (2001). Operational Architectonics of the Human Brain Biopotential Field: Toward Solving the Mind-Brain Problem. Brain and Mind 2 (3):261-296.
    The understanding of the interrelationship between brain and mind remains far from clear. It is well established that the brain's capacity to integrate information from numerous sources forms the basis for cognitive abilities. However, the core unresolved question is how information about the "objective" physical entities of the external world can be integrated, and how unifiedand coherent mental states (or Gestalts) can be established in the internal entities of distributed neuronal systems. The present paper offers a unified methodological and conceptual (...)
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  24. Andrew A. Fingelkurts, Alexander A. Fingelkurts, Sergio Bagnato, Cristina Boccagni & Giuseppe Galardi (2013). Prognostic Value of Resting-State EEG Structure in Disentangling Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States: A Preliminary Study. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 27 (4):345-354.
    Background: Patients in a vegetative state pose problems in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Currently, no prognostic markers predict the chance of recovery, which has serious consequences, especially in end-of-life decision-making. -/- Objective: We aimed to assess an objective measurement of prognosis using advanced electroencephalography (EEG). -/- Methods: EEG data (19 channels) were collected in 14 patients who were diagnosed to be persistently vegetative based on repeated clinical evaluations at 3 months following brain damage. EEG structure parameters (amplitude, duration and variability (...)
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  25. Andrew A. Fingelkurts, Alexander A. Fingelkurts, Sergio Bagnato, Cristina Boccagni & Giuseppe Galardi (2012). Toward Operational Architectonics of Consciousness: Basic Evidence From Patients with Severe Cerebral Injuries. Cognitive Processing 13 (2):111-131.
    Although several studies propose that the integrity of neuronal assemblies may underlie a phenomenon referred to as awareness, none of the known studies have explicitly investigated dynamics and functional interactions among neuronal assemblies as a function of consciousness expression. In order to address this question EEG operational architectonics analysis (Fingelkurts and Fingelkurts, 2001, 2008) was conducted in patients in minimally conscious (MCS) and vegetative states (VS) to study the dynamics of neuronal assemblies and operational synchrony among them as a function (...)
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  26. Andrew A. Fingelkurts, Alexander A. Fingelkurts, Sergio Bagnato, Cristina Boccagni & Giuseppe Galardi (2012). DMN Operational Synchrony Relates to Self-Consciousness: Evidence From Patients in Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States. Open Neuroimaging Journal 6:55-68.
    The default mode network (DMN) has been consistently activated across a wide variety of self-related tasks, leading to a proposal of the DMN’s role in self-related processing. Indeed, there is limited fMRI evidence that the functional connectivity within the DMN may underlie a phenomenon referred to as self-awareness. At the same time, none of the known studies have explicitly investigated neuronal functional interactions among brain areas that comprise the DMN as a function of self-consciousness loss. To fill this gap, EEG (...)
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  27. Andrew A. Fingelkurts, Alexander A. Fingelkurts & Carlos F. H. Neves (2009). Phenomenological Architecture of a Mind and Operational Architectonics of the Brain: The Unified Metastable Continuum. In Robert Kozma & John Caulfield (eds.), Journal of New Mathematics and Natural Computing. Special Issue on Neurodynamic Correlates of Higher Cognition and Consciousness: Theoretical and Experimental Approaches - in Honor of Walter J Freeman's 80th Birthday. World Scientific.
    In our contribution we will observe phenomenal architecture of a mind and operational architectonics of the brain and will show their intimate connectedness within a single integrated metastable continuum. The notion of operation of different complexity is the fundamental and central one in bridging the gap between brain and mind: it is precisely by means of this notion that it is possible to identify what at the same time belongs to the phenomenal conscious level and to the neurophysiological level of (...)
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  28. Walter J. Freeman (2007). Roles of Allocortex and Centrencephalon in Intentionality and Consciousness. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (1):92-93.
    “Decortication” does not distinguish between removing all cerebral cortex, including three-layered allocortex or just six-layered neocortex. Functional decortication, by spreading depression, reversibly suppresses only neocortex, leaving minimal intentionality. Removal of all forebrain structures except a hypothalamic “island” blocks all intentional behaviors, leaving only tropisms. To what extent do Merker's examples retain allocortex, and how might such residues affect his interpretations? (Published Online May 1 2007).
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  29. Vittorio Gallese (2000). The Acting Subject: Toward the Neural Basis of Social Cognition. In Thomas Metzinger (ed.), Neural Correlates of Consciousness. MIT Press.
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  30. Michael S. Gazzaniga (ed.) (2000). The New Cognitive Neurosciences: 2nd Edition. MIT Press.
    The majority of the chapters in this edition of The Cognitive Neurosciences are new, and those from the first edition have been completely rewritten and updated ...
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  31. Michael S. Gazzaniga (1998). Brain and Conscious Experience. In H. Jasper, L. Descarries, V. Castellucci & S. Rossignol (eds.), Consciousness: At the Frontiers of Neuroscience. Lippincott-Raven.
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  32. Michael S. Gazzaniga (1993). Brain Mechanisms and Conscious Experience. In Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Consciousness. (Ciba Foundation Symposium 174).
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  33. Michael S. Gazzaniga (1993). Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Consciousness. (Ciba Foundation Symposium 174).
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  34. P. S. Goldman-Rakic (1988). The Prefrontal Contribution to Working Memory and Conscious Experience. In O. D. Creutzfeld & John C. Eccles (eds.), The Brain and Conscious Experience. Pontifical Academy.
  35. Peter G. Grossenbacher (ed.) (1997). Finding Consciousness in the Brain: A Neurocognitive Approach. John Benjamins.
    CHAPTER A Phenomenological Introduction to the Cognitive Neuroscience of Consciousness Peter G. Grossenbacher National Institute of Mental Health What is ...
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  36. Debra A. Gusnard (2006). Neural Substrates of Self-Awareness. In John T. Cacioppo, Penny S. Visser & Cynthia L. Pickett (eds.), Social Neuroscience: People Thinking About Thinking People. MIT Press.
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  37. Yasuki Hashimoto & Kuniyoshi L. Sakai (2003). Brain Activations During Conscious Self-Monitoring of Speech Production with Delayed Auditory Feedback: An fMRI Study. Human Brain Mapping 20 (1):22-28.
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  38. H. Jasper (1998). Sensory Information and Conscious Experience. In H. Jasper, L. Descarries, V. Castellucci & S. Rossignol (eds.), Consciousness: At the Frontiers of Neuroscience. Lippincott-Raven.
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  39. E. Roy John, P. Easton & R. Isenhart (1997). Consciousness and Cognition May Be Mediated by Multiple Independent Coherent Ensembles. Consciousness and Cognition 6 (1):3-39.
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  40. B. E. Jones (1998). The Neural Basis of Consciousness Across the Sleep-Waking Cycle. In H. Jasper, L. Descarries, V. Castellucci & S. Rossignol (eds.), Consciousness: At the Frontiers of Neuroscience. Lippincott-Raven.
  41. R. Jung (1954). Correlation of Bioelectrical and Autonomic Phenomena with Alterations of Consciousness and Arousal in Man. In J. F. Delafresnaye (ed.), Brain Mechanisms and Consciousness. Blackwell.
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  42. David Kahn, Edward F. Pace-Schott & J. Allan Hobson (1997). Consciousness in Waking and Dreaming: The Roles of Neuronal Oscillation and Neuromodulation in Determining Similarities and Differences. Neuroscience 78:13-38.
  43. Nancy Kanwisher (2001). Neural Events and Perceptual Awareness. Cognition 79 (1):89-113.
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  44. N. Kleitman (1955). The Role of the Cerebral Cortex in the Development and Maintenance of Consciousness. In H. A. Abramson (ed.), Problems of Consciousness: Transactions of the Third Conference. Josiah Macy Foundation.
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  45. Christof Koch & Jochen Braun (1996). Toward the Neuronal Correlate of Visual Awareness. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 6:158-64.
  46. K. Konno, Y. Katayama & T. Yamamoto (2002). Consciousness and the Intercortical Correlation Function of Electroencephalograms. In Kunio Yasue, Marj Jibu & Tarcisio Della Senta (eds.), No Matter, Never Mind. John Benjamins.
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  47. Boris Kotchoubey (2006). Event-Related Potential Measures of Consciousness: Two Equations with Three Unknown. In Steven Laureys (ed.), Boundaries of Consciousness. Elsevier.
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  48. Benjamin Kozuch (forthcoming). Prefrontal Lesion Evidence Against Higher-Order Theories of Consciousness. Philosophical Studies:1-26.
    According to higher-order theories of consciousness, a mental state is conscious only when represented by another mental state. Higher-order theories must predict there to be some brain areas (or networks of areas) such that, because they produce (the right kind of) higher-order states, the disabling of them brings about deficits in consciousness. It is commonly thought that the prefrontal cortex produces these kinds of higher-order states. In this paper, I first argue that this is likely correct, meaning that, if some (...)
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  49. G. Kreiman, I. Fried & Christof Koch (2002). Single-Neuron Correlates of Subjective Vision in the Human Medial Temporal Lobe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science Usa 99:8378-8383.
  50. Daniel Lehmann, W. K. Strik, B. Henggeler & T. Koenig (1998). Brain Electric Microstates and Momentary Conscious Mind States as Building Blocks of Spontaneous Thinking: I. Visual Imagery and Abstract Thoughts. International Journal of Psychophysiology 29:1-11.
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  51. Benjamin W. Libet (1982). Brain Stimulation in the Study of Neuronal Functions for Conscious Sensory Experiences. Human Neurobiology 1:235-42.
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  52. Nikos K. Logothetis & David A. Leopold (1998). Single-Neuron Activity and Visual Perception. In Stuart R. Hameroff, Alfred W. Kaszniak & A. C. Scott (eds.), Toward a Science of Consciousness II. MIT Press.
  53. Nikos K. Logothetis & Jeffrey D. Schall (1989). Neuronal Correlates of Subjective Visual Perception. Science 245:761-63.
  54. Bruce MacLennan (1999). Neurophenomenological Constraints and Pushing Back the Subjectivity Barrier. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22 (6):961-963.
    In the first part of this commentary I argue that a neurophenomenological analysis of color reveals additional asymmetries that preclude undetectable color transformations, without appealing to weak arguments based on Basic Color Categories (BCCs); that is, I suggest additional factors that must be included in “an empirically accurate model of color experience,” and which break the remaining asymmetries. In the second part I discuss the “isomorphism constraint” and the extent to which we may predict the subjective quality of experience from (...)
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  55. Anthony Randal McIntosh, M. Natasha Rajah & Nancy J. Lobaugh (2003). Functional Connectivity of the Medial Temporal Lobe Relates to Learning and Awareness. Journal of Neuroscience 23 (16):6520-6528.
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  56. N. Meiran, Bernhard Hommel, U. Bibi & I. Lev (2002). Consciousness and Control in Task Switching. Journal of Consciousness Studies 11 (1):10-33.
    Participants were required to switch among randomly ordered tasks, and instructional cues were used to indicate which task to execute. In Experiments 1 and 2, the participants indicated their readiness for the task switch before they received the target stimulus; thus, each trial was associated with two primary dependent measures: (1) readiness time and (2) target reaction time. Slow readiness responses and instructions emphasizing high readiness were paradoxically accompanied by slow target reaction time. Moreover, the effect of task switching on (...)
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  57. Bjorn Merker (2007). Grounding Consciousness: The Mesodiencephalon as Thalamocortical Base. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (1):110-134.
    My response addresses general commentary themes such as my neglect of the forebrain contribution to human consciousness, the bearing of blindsight on consciousness theory, the definition of wakefulness, the significance of emotion and pain perception for consciousness theory, and concerns regarding remnant cortex in children with hydranencephaly. Further specific topics, such as phenomenal and phylogenetic aspects of mesodiencephalic-thalamocortical relations, are also discussed. (Published Online May 1 2007).
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  58. T. Metzinger (ed.) (2000). Neural Correlates of Consciousness. MIT Press.
    This book brings together an international group of neuroscientists and philosophers who are investigating how the content of subjective experience is ...
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  59. Thomas Metzinger (2000). Introduction: Consciousness Research at the End of the Twentieth Century. In T. Metzinger (ed.), Neural Correlates of Consciousness. MIT Press.
    conscious content like ``the self in the act of In 1989 the philosopher Colin McGinn asked the knowing'' (see, e.g., chapters 7 and 20 in this following question: ``How can technicolor phe- volume) or high-level phenomenal properties like nomenology arise from soggy gray matter?'' ``coherence'' or ``holism'' (e.g., chapters 8 and 9 (1989: 349). Since then many authors in the ®eld in this volume). But what, precisely, does it mean of consciousness research have quoted this ques- that conscious experience has (...)
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  60. Thomas Metzinger (2000). Neural Correlates of Consciousness: Empirical and Conceptual Questions. MIT Press.
  61. Bernard Molyneux (2010). Why the Neural Correlates of Consciousness Cannot Be Found. Journal of Consciousness Studies 17 (9-10):168-188.
    From the assumption that the presence of consciousness is detectable, in the first instance, only from behavioral indicators, I offer a proof to the effect that, with respect to any theory T that states that some particular state or process is the neural correlate of consciousness, there are always rival neural correlates that, from T’s perspective, can never be empirically ruled out. That's because, with respect to these states, the means of detecting consciousness is disrupted along with the empirical test. (...)
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  62. Ezequiel Morsella & John A. Bargh (2007). Supracortical Consciousness: Insights From Temporal Dynamics, Processing-Content, and Olfaction. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (1):100.
    To further illuminate the nature of conscious states, it may be progressive to integrate Merker's important contribution with what is known regarding (a) the temporal relation between conscious states and activation of the mesodiencephalic system; (b) the nature of the information (e.g., perceptual vs. premotor) involved in conscious integration; and (c) the neural correlates of olfactory consciousness. (Published Online May 1 2007).
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  63. K. Moutoussis, Alexander Maier, Semir Zeki & Nikos K. Logothetis (2005). Seeing Invisible Motion: Responses of Area V5 Neurons in the Awake-Behaving Macaque. Soc. For Neurosci. Abstr 390 (11).
    Moutoussis, K., A. Maier, S. Zeki and N. K. Logothetis: Seeing invisible motion: responses of area V5 neurons in the awake-behaving macaque. Soc. for Neurosci. Abstr. 390.11, 1 (11 2005) Abstract.
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  64. Paul L. Nunez & Ramesh Srinivasan (2006). A Theoretical Basis for Standing and Traveling Brain Waves Measured with Human EEG with Implications for an Integrated Consciousness. Clinical Neurophysiology 117 (11):2424-2435.
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  65. Paul Nunez & R. Nunez (2007). Hearts Don't Love and Brains Don't Pump: Neocortical Dynamic Correlates of Conscious Experience. Journal of Consciousness Studies 14 (8):20-34.
    Human brains exhibit complex dynamic behaviour measured by external recordings of electric (EEG) and magnetic fields (MEG). These data reveal synaptic field oscillations in neocortex at millisecond temporal and centimetre spatial scales. We suggest that the neural networks underlying behaviour and cognition may be viewed as embedded in these synaptic action fields, analogous to social networks embedded in a culture. These synaptic fields may facilitate the binding of disparate networks to produce a behaviour and consciousness that appears unified to external (...)
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  66. Redmond G. O'Connell, Paul M. Dockree, Mark A. Bellgrove, Simon P. Kelly, Robert Hester, Hugh Garavan, Ian H. Robertson & John J. Foxe (2007). The Role of Cingulate Cortex in the Detection of Errors with and Without Awareness: A High-Density Electrical Mapping Study. European Journal of Neuroscience 25 (8):2571-2579.
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  67. Massimiliano Oliveri, Paolo Maria Rossini, Maria M. Filippi, Raimondo Traversa, Paola Cicinelli & Carlo Caltagirone (2002). Specific Forms of Neural Activity Associated with Tactile Space Awareness. Neuroreport 13 (8):997-1001.
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  68. Naoyuki Osaka (2003). Issues in Neural Basis of Consciousness: An Introduction. In Naoyuki Osaka (ed.), Neural Basis of Consciousness. John Benjamins.
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  69. Naoyuki Osaka (ed.) (2003). Neural Basis of Consciousness. John Benjamins.
    CHAPTER Issues in neural basis of consciousness An introduction Naoyuki Osaka Kyoto University, Japan Consciousness is a most important issue for human ...
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  70. Satu Palva, Klaus Linkenkaer-Hansen, Risto Näätänen & J. Matias Palva (2005). Early Neural Correlates of Conscious Somatosensory Perception. Journal of Neuroscience 25 (21):5248-5258.
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  71. W. Penfield (1937). The Cerebral Cortex and Consciousness. In W. Penfield (ed.), The Harvey Lectures.
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  72. W. Penfield (ed.) (1937). The Harvey Lectures.
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  73. Elaine Perry, Heather Ashton & Andrew W. Young (eds.) (2002). Neurochemistry of Consciousness: Neurotransmitters in Mind. John Benjamins.
  74. C. Portas, Geraint Rees, A. Howseman, O. Josephs, R. Turner & Christopher D. Frith (1998). A Specific Role for the Thalamus in Mediating the Interaction of Attention and Arousal in Humans. Journal Of Neuroscience 18 (21):8979-8989.
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  75. M. E. Raichle (2000). The Neural Correlates of Consciousness: An Analysis of Cognitive Skill Learning. In Michael S. Gazzaniga (ed.), The New Cognitive Neurosciences: 2nd Edition. Mit Press.
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  76. S. Rapcsak & Alfred W. Kaszniak (2000). Searching for the Neural Correlates of Consciousness: Clues From Face Recognition Research. Brain and Cognition 42 (1):37-40.
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  77. A. P. Rudell & J. Hua (1996). The Recognition Potential and Conscious Awareness. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 98:309-318.
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  78. Jeffrey D. Schall (2000). Investigating Neural Correlates of Consciousness with Ambiguous Stimuli. Neuro-Psychoanalysis 2 (1):32-35.
  79. Ruth Schubert, Felix Blankenburg, Steven Lemm, Arno Villringer & Gabriel Curio (2006). Now You Feel It--Now You Don't: ERP Correlates of Somatosensory Awareness. Psychophysiology 43 (1):31-40.
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  80. Terence V. Sewards & Mark A. Sewards (2002). On the Neural Correlates of Object Recognition Awareness: Relationship to Computational Activities and Activities Mediating Perceptual Awareness. Consciousness and Cognition 11 (1):51-77.
    Based on theoretical considerations of Aurell (1979) and Block (1995), we argue that object recognition awareness is distinct from purely sensory awareness and that the former is mediated by neuronal activities in areas that are separate and distinct from cortical sensory areas. We propose that two of the principal functions of neuronal activities in sensory cortex, which are to provide sensory awareness and to effect the computations that are necessary for object recognition, are dissociated. We provide examples of how this (...)
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  81. Terence V. Sewards & Mark A. Sewards (2000). The Awareness of Thirst: Proposed Neural Correlates. Consciousness and Cognition 9 (4):463-487.
    The neural and endocrine bases of the generation of thirst are reviewed. Based on this review, a hierarchical system of neural structures that regulate water conservation and acquisition is proposed. The system includes primary sensory-receptive areas; secondary sensory structures (circumventricular organs), which detect levels of hormones, including angiotensin II and vasopressin, which are involved in generating thirst; preoptic and hypothalamic structures; and an area within the ventrolateral quadrant of the periaqueductal gray matter. Hodological and other data are used to determine (...)
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  82. Adam Shriver (forthcoming). The Asymmetrical Contributions of Pleasure and Pain To Animal Welfare (Penultimate Draft). Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics.
    Utilitarianism, the ethical doctrine that holds in its most basic form that right actions are those that maximize pleasure and minimize pain, has been at the center of many of the ethical debates around animal welfare. The most well-known utilitarian of our time, Peter Singer, is widely credited with having sparked the animal welfare movement of the past 35+ years, using utilitarian reasoning to argue against using animals in invasive research that we aren’t willing to perform on humans. Yet many (...)
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  83. Petra Stoerig (2007). Hunting the Ghost: Toward a Neuroscience of Consciousness. In Philip David Zelazo, Morris Moscovitch & Evan Thompson (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness. Cambridge.
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  84. Justin Sytsma, Searching for Evidence of Phenomenal Consciousness in Ncc Research.
    Recent scientific work aiming to give a neurobiological explanation of phenomenal consciousness has largely focused on finding neural correlates of consciousness (NCC). The hope is that by locating neural correlates of phenomenally conscious mental states, some light will be cast on how the brain is able to give rise to such states. In this paper I argue that NCC research is unable to produce evidence of such neural correlates. I do this by considering two alternative interpretations of NCC research—an eliminativist (...)
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  85. C. Vanderwolf (2000). Are Neocortical Gamma Waves Related to Consciousness? Brain Research 855 (2):217-224.
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  86. Mieke Verfaellie & M. M. Keane (1997). The Neural Basis of Aware and Unaware Forms of Memory. Seminars in Neurology 17:153-61.
  87. Kai Vogeley & Gereon R. Fink (2003). Neural Correlates of the First-Person Perspective. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7:38-42.
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  88. Kai Vogeley, M. May, A. Ritzl, P. Falkai, K. Zilles & Gereon R. Fink (2004). Neural Correlates of First-Person Perspective as One Constituent of Human Self-Consciousness. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16 (5):817-827.
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  89. B. A. Vogt & Steven Laureys (2006). Posterior Cingulate, Precuneal and Retrosplenial Cortices: Cytology and Components of the Neural Network Correlates of Consciousness. In Steven Laureys (ed.), Boundaries of Consciousness. Elsevier.
    Neuronal aggregates involved in conscious awareness are not evenly distributed throughout the CNS but comprise key components referred to as the neural network correlates of consciousness (NNCC). A critical node in this network is the posterior cingulate, precuneal, and retrosplenial cortices. The cytological and neurochemical composition of this region is reviewed in relation to the Brodmann map. This region has the highest level of cortical glucose metabolism and cytochrome c oxidase activity. Monkey studies suggest that the anterior thalamic projection likely (...)
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  90. Nancy J. Woolf (1997). A Possible Role for Cholinergic Neurons of the Basal Forebrain and Pontomesencephalon in Consciousness. Consciousness and Cognition 6 (4):574-596.
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  91. Kunio Yasue, Marj Jibu & Tarcisio Della Senta (eds.) (2002). No Matter, Never Mind. John Benjamins.
  92. Philip David Zelazo, Morris Moscovitch & Evan Thompson (eds.) (2007). The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness. Cambridge University Press.
    The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness is the first of its kind in the field, and its appearance marks a unique time in the history of intellectual inquiry on the topic. After decades during which consciousness was considered beyond the scope of legitimate scientific investigation, consciousness re-emerged as a popular focus of research towards the end of the last century, and it has remained so for nearly 20 years. There are now so many different lines of investigation on consciousness that the (...)
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